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Électrification des chemins de fer italiens (1899-1940)

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  • Renato Giannetti

Abstract

[eng] Abstract This study examines the Italian railway system's conversion to electricity from three perspectives : the existing technology, the system's organization, and the competition between electric and steam traction. Italy adopted a backward technology (the low frequency three-phase system) which was abandoned during the 1930*s in favor of continuous current traction. Even though the electrified system was more rationally and more systematically implemented from 1932 on, steam traction remained competitive through the thirties : only the choice of a macro-economic approach, stemming from an autarchic attitude, finally consolidated the implementation of electric traction. [fre] Résumé Cette étude analyse le processus d'électrification du système ferroviaire italien en tenant compte de trois aspects : la technologie, l'organisation du réseau, la concurrence entre la traction électrique et la traction à vapeur. L'Italie adopta une technologie arriérée (le système triphasé à basse fréquence) et c'est à partir des années 1930 qu'elle l'abandonna au profit de la traction à courant continu. Cest également à partir de 1932 seulement que le réseau électrifié fut géré d'une façon plus rationnelle et systématique. Enfin, la traction à vapeur demeura compétitive jusqu'au long des années 1930 : seul le choix d'une vision macro-économique, liée au climat d'autarcie, a consolidé le développement de la traction électrique.

Suggested Citation

  • Renato Giannetti, 1992. "Électrification des chemins de fer italiens (1899-1940)," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 11(1), pages 131-144.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1992_num_11_1_1627
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1992.1627
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1992.1627
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