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Un tournant dans l'histoire technique de la sidérurgie : la création de l'Irsid. Compétition et collaboration entre l'Etat et l'industrie

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  • Philippe Mioche

Abstract

[eng] Abstract There were no profesionnal center of technological researches in the French steel industry before World War two. This central laboratory («l'Irsid : Institut de la recherche sidérurgique») was imagined by Jean Rist in 1943 and created by Henri Malcor in 1946. This is a business initiative. Mining enginers from National School of Mining, those specializing in high grade steel in particular, played a major part in the creation. But the action of the steel trade organisation during the war («Comité d'organisation») was also encouraged by the state rival actions : by the Center of National Scientific Research, then the National School of Mining. A law of 1943 helped to create the «Irsid» and a tax regulation of 1945 gave it regular resources. The Monnet Plan also backed up the new Institute. L'Irsid will change the attitudes toward technical secret, the conditions of innovation in the French steel industry. It will also help to increase the influence of mining engineers into the profession. [fre] Résumé En 1940, la sidérurgie française ne dispose pas d'un laboratoire de recherches techniques commun à la profession. Ce laboratoire, l'Irsid (Institut de la recherche sidérurgique) est conçu en 1943 par Jean Rist et créé en 1946 par Henri Malcor. C'est une initiative de la profession. Les ingénieurs du corps des Mines, ceux de la sidérurgie fine en particulier, ont joué un rôle décisif dans la création de l'Irsid. L'action du Comité d'organisation de la sidérurgie a aussi été suscitée par les entreprises gouvernementales concurrentes : CNRS (1939) et Centre de recherches de l'Ecole des Mines (1940). Elle a bénéficié du soutien de l'Etat : loi de 1943 sur les centres de recherche technique, encouragements du Plan Monnet et taxe parafiscale de 1945. L'Irsid créé, il transforme la relation au secret technique dans la profession, modifie les conditions de l'innovation sidérurgique et contribue à renforcer le rôle des ingénieurs du corps des Mines dans la branche.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Mioche, 1989. "Un tournant dans l'histoire technique de la sidérurgie : la création de l'Irsid. Compétition et collaboration entre l'Etat et l'industrie," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 8(1), pages 119-140.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1989_num_8_1_1549
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1989.1549
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1989.1549
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