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Le RMI, dernier maillon dans la lutte contre la pauvreté

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  • Michel Villac

Abstract

[spa] Ingreso mfnimo de inserciôn (RMI) : ultimo eslabôn en la lucha contra la pobreza. La creation del RMI en diciembre de 1988 proporcionô condidones mfnimas de existenciaa un numéro importante de personas. Afines de 1991 mâs de 900.000 individuosbe- neficiaban de este subsidio directa o indirectamente en Francia metropolitana. Ultimo eslabôn del sistema de pro- tecciôn social, el RMI constituye el resultado de una série de subsidios que desempenaban, antes de su existencia, un papel fundamental en la lucha contra la pobreza. Un primer aspecto de este dispositivo esté caracterizado por una série de ingresos mfnimos porcategorfas. En 1990, alrededor de 3,4 millones de personas vivfan gracias a dicho subsidio : 52 mil millones de francos les estaban destinados. . Mâs alla de estes subsidios de solidaridad, las prestadones con una vocadôn redistributi va (subsidios famifiares y a la vi- vienda), propordonan también una ayuda a los hogares mâs carendados. Sin ellas, 7 millones de personas vivirfan en la pobreza. A pesar de estas transformadones, cerca de 700.000 hogares se hallan aùn en el umbral de la pobreza. En resumidas cuentas, cerca de 1 40 mil millones de francos en concepto de subsidios di rectos ya han sido abonados. [fre] Le RMI, dernier maillon dans la lutte contre la pauvreté . La création du RMI en décembre 1988 a offert des conditions minimum d'existence à un nombre important de personnes. Fin 1991, plus de 900 000 en bénéficiaient directement ou indirectement, en France métropolitaine. Cette pièce du système de protection sociale est l'aboutissement d'une série de prestations qui avant lui, jouaient déjà un rôle majeur dans la lutte contre la pauvreté. Un premier volet, dont fait partie le RMI est constitué par une série de revenus minimum catégoriels. En 1990, près de ^millions de personnes vivaient d'un tel revenu ; 52 milliards de francs y étaient consacrés. . En amont de ces allocations de solidarité, les prestations à vocation ^distributive (prestations familiales, prestations de logement) aident aussi les ménages les plus pauvres. Sans elles, sept millions de personnes vivraient dans la pauvreté. Malgré ces transferts, près de 700 000 ménages sont encore aux limites de la pauvreté. Au total, c'est près de 1 40 milliards de francs de prestations directes qui ont été versées. [eng] The RMI, the Last Step in the "War on Poverty" . The creation of the RMI (Guaranteed Minimum Income) in December 1988 offered minimum living conditions to a large number of people. At the end of 1991, more than 900,000 benefited from it directly or undirectly in metropolitan France. This part of the social welfare system is the outcome of a series of benefits which had already played a major role in the struggle against poverty. The first part, which includes the RMI, consists of a series of minimum incomes depending upon various criteria (age, disability, lone parenthood...). In 1 990, nearly 3.4 million people lived from such an income ; 52 billion francs were devoted to it Besides RMI there are other welfare benefits (family and housing allowances), to help the poorer households. Whi- thout them, 7 million people would live in poverty. In spite of these transe rs, nearly 700,000 households are still on the threshold of poverty. In total, almost 1 40 billion francs of benefits have been paid.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Villac, 1992. "Le RMI, dernier maillon dans la lutte contre la pauvreté," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 252(1), pages 21-35.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1992_num_252_1_5637
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1992.5637
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1992.5637
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    1. Michel Grignon & Antoine Math, 1996. "Simulation des conséquences redistributives de divers modes de renforcement de la sélectivité des allocations familiales," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 122(1), pages 13-31.
    2. Jean Bensaid & Stéphane Jacobzone & Gérard Lattes, 1993. "Protection sociale et politiques redistributives dans le contexte de l'UEM," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 262(1), pages 87-99.

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