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La population active commence à diminuer juste après l'an 2000

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  • Olivier Marchand

Abstract

[fre] La population active commence à diminuer juste après l'an 2000 - La population active augmentera de moins en moins au cours des quinze prochaines années. À partir de l'année 2003, le nombre d'actifs devrait même commencer à diminuer. Les actifs seront aussi plus vieux : un actif sur deux aura plus de 40 ans en l'an 2005. De plus, la charge des retraités pèsera plus lourdement sur eux. . Avec un solde migratoire supposé nul, la population active évoluera principalement en fonction de la natalité passée : elle augmentera avec les générations nombreuses du baby-boom; elle diminuera quand celles-ci arriveront à l'âge de la retraite et qu'entreront en activité les générations moins nombreuses nées dans les années 80. L'âge d'entrée en activité devrait continuer de reculer, se situant de plus en plus souvent après 20 ans. La féminisation de la population active devrait se poursuivre, les femmes de 25 à 54 ans alignant pratiquement leur comportement d'activité sur le modèle masculin. . Le plafonnement de la population active aux alentours de l'an 2000 n'est pas propre à la France; il devrait même se produire plus tôt dans la plupart des pays d'Europe de l'Ouest, où la fécondité a baissé plus qu'en France. La féminisation de la population active est générale en Europe occidentale, en Europe méridionale et en Amérique du Nord. [spa] La población activa empieza a disminuir a partir del aho 2000 - La población activa crecerá cada vez menos durante los quince proximos años. A partir del año 2003, incluso el numéro de activos disminuirá siendo también mas viejos : un activo sobre dos tendra más de cuarenta años en el año 2005. Además, el peso de los jubilados sera mayor. . Con un saldo migratorio considerado como nulo, la poblaciôn activa evolucionarâ principal- mente basandose en la natalidad pasada : crecerâ con las numerosas generaciones del baby-boom; decrecerâ cuando estas Ilegarân a la edad de la jubilaciôn y cuando las generaciones menos numerosas nacidas durante los ahos ochenta entrarân en actividad. La edad del inicio de la actividad deberia seguir retrocediendo, situandose cada vez mas después de los 20 ahos. La feminisaciôn de la poblaciôn activa continuara, ajustandose las mujeres entre los 25 y 54 ahos al modelo masculino de actividad. . El tope de la poblaciôn activa alrededor del aho 2000 no es especifico a Francia; deberia ademâs suceder ântes en la mayor parte de los paises europeos, cuya fecundidad ha bajado mâs que en Francia. La feminisaciôn es general en Europa occidental (excepto Inglaterra), en Europa meridional y en America del Norte. [eng] The working population will begin to decrease just after the year 2000 - The working population will increase less and less in the course of the next fifteen years. Starting in the year 2003, the number of working people will probably even begin to decrease. Working people will also be older : one in two will be over forty in the year 2005. Moreover, the cost of pensions will weigh more heavily on them. . With a supposed migration balance of zero, the working population will evolve principally in function of the past birth rate. It will increase with the numerous baby-boom generations. It will decrease when the members of these generations arrive at retirement age and when the less numerous generation born in the 1 980s enters the work market. The age of entry into the work market will probably continue to be delayed, situated more and more often after twenty. The integration of women into the working population will probably continue, with women between the ages of 25 and 54 modifying their professional behavior to conform with the masculine model. . The reaching of a ceiling for the working population around the year 2000 is not specific to France. It will probably occur earlier in most European countries, where the birth rate has dropped more than in France. The integration of women into the working population is generalized in Western Europe (with the exception of England), in Southern Europe and North America.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Marchand, 1986. "La population active commence à diminuer juste après l'an 2000," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 190(1), pages 41-54.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1986_num_190_1_2480
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1986.2480
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1986.2480
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