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Commerce : concurrence accrue en 1984

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[fre] L'évolution du commerce intérieur en 1984 s'inscrit dans un environnement macroéconomique caractérisé par une reprise progressive de la production industrielle et par un tassement de la consommation des ménages. C'est, mais plus accentué, le climat qui avait déjà régné en 1983. S'y ajoute l'amorce d'une reprise de l'investissement industriel. Dans ce contexte, le commerce présente des évolutions contrastées. Le commerce de gros bénéficie dans l'ensemble d'une demande croissante. Dans le commerce de détail, l'évolution des secteurs est très inégale, reflet d'une concurrence accrue sur un marché en réduction. Au total, l'activité commerciale reste stabilisée à son niveau de 1983. La réduction de l'emploi salarié, finalement constatée à partir des statistiques de l'UNEDIC pour l'année 1983, se poursuit mais de façon plus modérée au cours des trois premiers trimestres de 1984. Les difficultés de trésorerie se maintiennent à un niveau élevé en 1984 dans le commerce de détail alimentaire et non alimentaire. Le nombre des défaillances d'entreprises (règlements judiciaires et liquidations de biens) continue à croître en particulier dans le commerce de détail alimentaire et le secteur spécialisé en équipement de la personne. Ces défaillances traduisent les difficultés du petit commerce face à un regain de la concurrence et à la forte baisse des achats des ménages en articles d'habillement et en biens d'équipement du foyer. [eng] Trade: increased competition in 1984 - The evolution of domestic trade in 1984 took place in a macroeconomic environment characterized by a progressive recovery of industrial production and by stagnation of household consumption. Though in more a pronounced way, this amounts to the continuation of the climate that had already reigned in 1983. 1984 added, however, the beginning of a recovery of industrial investment. In this context, trade presents contrasted evolutions. Wholesale trade benefitted on the whole from growing demand. In retail trade, the evolution of sectors was very uneven, which reflects increased competition in a shrinking market. In its totality, trade activity remained stable at its 1983 level. The reduction of salaried jobs, finally demonstrated by the UNEDIC statistics for the year 1983, continued but in a more moderate way in the course of the first three trimesters of 1984. Cash-flows problems continued at a higher level in 1984 in the retail food and nonfood trade. The number of bankruptcies and liquidations continued to grow particularly in the retail food trade and in the sector specialized in personal article. The failures demonstrate the difficulties of small trade in the face of a revival of competition and of a significant drop in household purchases of clothing and household equipment. [spa] Comercio : competencia acrecentada en 1984 - La evolución del comercio Interior en 1984 entra en un medio ambiente macro- económico que se caracteriza por una reactivación progresiva de la producción industrial y por un estancamiento del consumo de los hogares. Es, si bien algo más acentuado, el clima que ya imperó en 1983, al que viene a anadirse et comienzo de una reactivación de la inversion industrial. Dentro de este contexto, el comercio presenta evoluciones contrastadas. El comercio por mayor se beneficia, en su con junto, de una demanda creciente. En el comercio por menor, la evolución de los sectores es sumamente desigual, reflejando una acrecentada competencia en un mercado reducido. En total, la actividad comercial premanece estabilizada a nivel de 1983. La merma del empleo remunerado, finalmente comprobada a partir de las estadísticas de UNEDIC para el arïo 1983 prosigue si bien en forma más moderada en el transcurso de los tres primeros trimestres del año 1984. Los problemas de tesorería se mantienen a nivel elevado en 1984 en el comercio por menor alimenticio y no alimenticio. El número de extinciones de empresas (liquidadones judiciales y de bienes) sigue incrementándose especialmente en el comercio por menor alimenticio y sector especializado en equipo personal. Las quiebras ponen de manifiesto las dificultades con las que tropieza el pequeno comercio frente a un renuevo de competitividad y a la considerable merma registrada en las compras por parte de los hogares con relación a prendas de vestir y bienes de equipo domésticos.

Suggested Citation

  • Anonymous or collective, 1985. "Commerce : concurrence accrue en 1984," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 174(1), pages 53-63.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1985_num_174_1_4950
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1985.4950
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1985.4950
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