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Le taux d'épargne des ménages depuis 1970

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  • Philippe L'Hardy

Abstract

[fre] Au cours des dix dernières années, le comportement des ménages vis-à-vis de l'épargne a plus d'une fois posé aux économistes des problèmes d'interprétation nouveaux. L'étude tente ici de dégager les principaux facteurs explicatifs de l'attitude des ménages en considérant l'évolution de leur taux d'épargne depuis 1970 selon deux optiques : le court et le moyen terme. A court terme, il apparaît que les retournements du taux d'épargne qui ont été enregistrés sont liés à des ralentissements de la croissance du pouvoir d'achat du revenu, ainsi qu'à une réaction retardée des ménages vis-à-vis de leur consommation. D'autres facteurs tels que l'évolution des prix, la situation de l'emploi ou les mouvements du crédit à la consommation semblent n'avoir eu qu'un rôle de second ordre. A moyen terme, l'infléchissement à la baisse de l'évolution tendancielle du taux d'épargne, observé en 1974, serait dû à la baisse de la demande en logement ainsi qu'au coût de détention plus élevé des liquidités. [eng] The Rate of Savings of Households since 1970 - Over the past ten years, the behavior of households in the area of savings has often posed new problems of interpretation to economists. This study attempts to show the key factors which explain the attitudes of households through an analysis of the trends of their rate of savings since 1970 from two different outlooks — the short and the middle term. In the short term, it emerges that the reversals of the rate of savings which were observed were linked to the slowdown in the growth of the purchasing power of income, as well as to a delayed reaction on the part of households regarding consumption. Other factors, such as price trends, the employment situation, or shifts in consumer credit rates seem to have played only a secondary role. In the middle term, the downward tendancy of the trend of the saving rate observed in 1974 was due to the decline in the demand for housing as well as the higher cost of holding liquidities. [spa] La tasa de ahorro de los hogares desde 1970 - En el transcurso de los diez ultimos años, el comportamiento de los hogares con relación al ahorro planteó mas de una vez nuevos problemas de interpretación a los economistas. El estudio intenta aquí desprender los factores explicativos esenciales de la actitud de los hogares, considerandose la evolución de su tasa de ahorro desde 1970 según dos enfoques : a corto y a medio plazo. A corto plazo, se verifica que las vueltas de la tasa de ahorro que se experimentaron estan vinculadas con disminuciones del crecimiento del poder adquisitivo del ingreso, así como con una reacción retardada de los hogares respecto a su consumo. Otros factores, tales como evolución de precios, situación del empleo o movimiento del crédito al consumo al parecer desempenaron tan solo un papel de segunda categoría. A medio plazo, la mengua de la evolución tendencial de la tasa de ahorro, observada en 1974, se debería a la mengua de la demanda en materia de vivierda así como a los gastos mas elevados que afectan las liquideces.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe L'Hardy, 1982. "Le taux d'épargne des ménages depuis 1970," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 140(1), pages 35-47.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1982_num_140_1_4569
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1982.4569
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1982.4569
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