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L'enquête sur l'emploi de mars 1980 : la montée du chômage féminin

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  • Pierre Laulhé

Abstract

[fre] Le chômage (au sens du BIT) touche en mars 1980 presque 1,4 million de personnes. La progression reflète essentiellement celle du chômage féminin et tout particulièrement celui résultant des pertes d'emploi et des sorties de scolarité. Le chômage des hommes paraît au contraire relativement stable, la diminution des licenciements collectifs étant partiellement compensée par l'accroissement des fins d'emploi occasionnels. Après un examen succinct de l'ensemble de la population active, dont l'évolution ne s'écarte pas des tendances passées, l'enquête emploi de mars 1980 s'intéresse aux 1 548 000 personnes qui travaillent à temps partiel. Cette catégorie d'emploi, plus répandue chez les non-salariés (aides familiaux) progresse cependant plus rapidement chez les salariés sous l'impulsion du secteur public. Dans les entreprises, hésitantes en raison de l'alourdissement des charges sociales que cette formule entraîne, les emplois à temps partiel sont essentiellement concentrés dans le tertiaire notamment dans les services marchands et les commerces. [eng] Rising Unemployment among Women - In March 1980, 1.4 million people were unemployed (in ILO terms). The growth in unemployment primarily reflected an increase in unemployed women, resulting chiefly from loss of jobs or leaving school. Unemployment among males, on the other hand, appeared to be relatively stable, as the decline in mass dismissals was partially compensated for by an increase in lay-offs from temporary jobs. After a brief examination of the labor force as a whole — which continued to evolve in conformity with past trends — the employment survey of March, 1980, examined, the 1,548,000 persons working part-time. This category of work, more frequently held by non-salaried labor (home help, for example), nevertheless showed a higher growth rate among salaried labor, due to policies within the public sector. In private firms, however, due to the proportionality higher benefits paid to part-time staff, part-time employment was essentially concentrated in the tertiary sector, especially in commercial services and retail businesses. [spa] El incremento de la desocupacion femenina - La desocupación (en el sentido del BIT) atane, en marzo de 1980, cerca de 1 millôn 400 000 personas. La progresión refleja esencialmente la de la desocupacion femenina y en especial la que resulta de la perdida de empleo y del fin de escolaridad. La desocupación varonil aparece, por lo contrario, relativamente estable ya que la disminución de despidos cofectivos esta, en parte, compensada por el incremento de fin de empleos ocasionales. Tras un brève examen del conjunto de la población activa, cuya evolución no se aparta de las pasadas tendencias, la encuesta relativa a empleo de marzo de 1980 presta atención al millón 548 000 personas que trabajan a tiempo parcial. Esta categoría laboral, más extendida entre los que no cobran salario (ayudas familiares) progresa no obstante con más rapidez entre los asalariados bajo impulso del sector público. En las empresas, las que vacilan ante el peso de las cargas sociales que acarrea dicha formula, los empleos a tiempo parcial estan mayormente concentrados en el sector terciario, especialmente en los servicios mercantiles y en el comercio.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Laulhé, 1980. "L'enquête sur l'emploi de mars 1980 : la montée du chômage féminin," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 126(1), pages 3-13.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1980_num_126_1_4400
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1980.4400
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1980.4400
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