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Chômage et qualification dans les régions

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  • Pierre Mormiche

Abstract

[spa] Desempleo y calificación profesional en las regiones francesas - Desde 1973 y hasta 1978, las evoluciones en el empleo y en desempleo régionales hacen resaltar dos periodos sumamente distintos. Antes de 1976, el menor incremento del empleo y la subida del desempleo en todas las regiones propenden a minorar las disparidades regionales, Después de 1976, son las regiones del Norte y del Noroeste las que están más agudamente afectadas por la crisis y se deja sentir nuevamente las discrepencias. El examen del desempleo regional en 1978 pone mayormente de manifiesto tres elementos : en primer lugar es factible comprobar que el descarte entre la tasa de desempleo femenino y masculino se explica mucho más por la desigualdad que existe a la contrata que por las discrepencias en los flujos de bajas a raiz de despidos. A continuación, es factible observar que cuanto más urbanizada esté una región, más asequible resulta el mercado laboral para los trabajadores sin calificación en busca de colocación. Finalmente, cabe senalar la convergencia entre lo comprobado respecto al desempleo por edad, sexo o calificación y los datos disponibles, por otro lado, acerca de las migraciones intraregionales según dichos criterios. [fre] De 1973 à 1978 les évolutions d'emploi et de chômage régionaux marquent deux périodes bien distinctes. Avant 1976, la moindre croissance de l'emploi et la montée du chômage dans toutes les régions tendent à resserrer les disparités régionales. Après 1976, ce sont les régions du Nord et du Nord-Est qui paient le plus lourd tribut à la crise et les différences s'affirment à nouveau. L'examen du chômage régional en 1978 fait ressortir principalement trois éléments : d'abord, on constate que l'écart entre les taux de chômage féminin et masculin s'explique bien davantage par l'inégalité à l'embauche que par les différences des flux d'entrée en chômage. Ensuite, on relèvera que plus une région est urbanisée, moins le marché de l'emploi est défavorable aux demandeurs sans qualification. Enfin on notera la convergence entre ce que l'on constate du chômage par âge, sexe, ou qualification et ce que l'on sait par ailleurs des migrations interrégionales selon ces critères. [eng] Unemployment and Skills within French Regions - From 1973 to 1978 the evolution of regional hiring and unemployment has gone through two highly different periods. Before 1976, the low employment level and high unemployment rate tended to reduce disparities within the different regions. Since 1976, the regions, of the North and the North-East have been most hard hit by the crisis and differences between regions have again emerged. An analysis of regional unemployment in 1978 makes clear three major elements; first, it emerges that the difference between the unemployment rate of men and women is more due to inequalities in hiring than to differences in the flow of new unemployment. Next, it is clear that it is within the more highly urbanized areas that unskilled candidates have the least difficulty finding work. Lastly, there is a convergence between the data obtained regarding unemployment in terms of age, sex, or level of skills and data already known regarding interregional migrations.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Mormiche, 1980. "Chômage et qualification dans les régions," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 119(1), pages 23-34.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1980_num_119_1_4322
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1980.4322
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1980.4322
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