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L'économie allemande en 1978, prévisions pour 1979

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  • Claude Simon

Abstract

[fre] Malgré la crise qui s'est accélérée depuis 1974, l'Allemagne fédérale a enregistré en 1978 des résultats économiques encourageants : une hausse modérée des prix à la consommation et des rémunérations, un excédent commercial important, un taux de chômage inférieur à celui de ses principaux partenaires de la CEE. Ces performances se reflètent dans la solidité du cours du deutschmark. Il est fréquent d'attribuer ces succès aux vertus de l'économie de marché. Toutefois, l'étude présentée ici, en montrant la vigueur des interventions publiques destinées à réguler le fonctionnement de l'économie allemande, amène à tempérer les jugements habituels. Les pronostics pour 1979 restent confiants dans le domaine des prix, des revenus et des exportations, la seule préoccupation restant la persistance du chômage. Les perspectives à plus long terme s'avèrent plus pessimistes mais il convient de les resituer par rapport à celles des autres pays industrialisés avant de partager ce point de vue. [eng] The German economy in 1978 and the forecast for 1979 - In spite of the worsening of the crisis in the world economy since 1974, West Germany produced in 1978 some encouraging economic results: a moderate rise in consumer prices and wages, a highly favorable commercial balance, and a rate of unemployment that is well under that of Germany's Common Market partners. These tendencies are reflected in the solid rate of exchange of the Deutschmark. This situation is often attributed to the virtues of a market economy. However, this study, by pointing out clearly the extent of state and public intervention in the economy of the country, suggests that this judgement should be more nuanced. The forecasts for 1979 are optimistic in the area of prices, revenues and incomes, as well as for exportation. The principal preoccupation is the continuing unemployment. Long-term forecasts are more pessimistic, but it would be wise to see them in relationship to forecasts for other industrial nations before adopting an excessively dark view of things to come. [spa] La economía alemana en 1978 y previsiones para 1979 - Pese a la crisis que se fué accelerando desde 1974, Alemania federal expérimentó en 1978 resultados económicos alentadores : alza moderada de los precios al consumidor y de las remuneraciones, importante superávit comercial, tasa de desempleo inferior a la de los demás países miembros de la CEE. Semejantes resultados se manifiestan por la solidez del tipo de cambio del deutschmark. Es corriente atribuir estos éxitos a la virtud de la economía de mercado. No obstante, el presente estudio, al poner de manifiesto el vigor de las intervenciones estatales destinadas a regularizar el funcionamiento de la economía germánica, encarrila a moderar los juicios habituales. Los pronosticos para 1979 permanecen alentadores respecto a precios, ingresos y exportaciones; la única preocupación sigue siendo la persistencia del desempleo. Las perspective a mis largo plazo se verifican más pesimistas pero conviene considerarlas con relación a las de los demas países industrializados antes de adoptar este punto de vista.

Suggested Citation

  • Claude Simon, 1979. "L'économie allemande en 1978, prévisions pour 1979," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 113(1), pages 63-78.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1979_num_113_1_4232
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1979.4232
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1979.4232
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