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Les sociétés françaises de services et d'ingénierie en informatique, historique et perspectives

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  • Jacques Horaist

Abstract

[eng] French computer service and software engineering companies, background and outlook, . by Jacques Horaist.. . The importance of the French computer service and software engineering companies lies not in their percentage of the national turnover, which is modest, but rather in their dynamic outlook and in the impact of their activities. In this respect they are a fine example of the "developed tertiary sector" in which much hope is stored, particularly with regard to generating employment.. . The technological progress which has been maintained over the last thirty years has meant that costs of equipments have been kept down, with the result that companies can afford to install more and more hardware and consequently increase their need for services. To date, as is demontrasted in the first part of the article, the French computer service companies owe their development mainly to software engineering and userdesigned software based on their creativity, the fruits of their research, the quality of their staff and sound financial management. The fact that they have come to occupy the number two place on the world market is proof of their ability and of the soundness of their approach In recent years, the increasing demand for mass produced hardware and software has led to the industrialization of software production. The new software products are faring very well in France under the driving force of Amercan companies-mainly the hardware producers themselves. The text goes on to point ou that, rather than jumping headlong into this type of production, which involves new business methods, the French computer service companies prefer to consolidate their position. The outlook for demand, taking into consideration foreseeable technological advances, seems to point to a strong trend towards customdesigned applications, with a high intellectual content, particularly in the realm of the data processing networks. But such development will be irregular because of force of habit and the desire among certain users to get the most out of their past investments.. . If they are to make the most of the situation and maintain their lead, the French computer service and software engineering companies will have, in conjunction with their public or private partners, to find a way round the problems of setting up a market on the European scale, financing their research and training their staff. [fre] Les sociétés françaises de services et d'ingénierie en informatique, historique et perspectives, . par Jacques Horaist.. . L'intérêt présenté par les sociétés françaises de services et d ingénierie en informatique (Ssn) tient moins à leur part en chiffre d'affaires —modeste— dans l'activité nationale, qu'au dynamisme qu'elles manifestent et aux enjeux de leurs activités. Elles constituent, à cet égard, un exemple significatif du «tertiaire évolué» dont on attend une importance croissante, notamment pour les créations d'emploi.. . Les progrès techniques, soutenus depuis 30 ans, permettent un abaissement continuel des coûts des matériels, un extension considérable des équipements installés et, en conséquence, de la demande de services. Jusqu'à maintenant, comme le montre la première partie de l'article, les Ssn françaises ont construit leur développement sur les logiciels à façon et l'ingénierie, en s'appuyant sur leur créativité, les résultats de leurs recherches, la qualité de leurs personnels et la maîtrise de leur financement. La deuxième place mondiale qu elles ont acquise témoigne de leurs capacités et de la validité de leur choix. Dans les années récentes, l'apparition d'une demande d'équipements et de logiciels de grandes séries induit un processus d'industrialisation du logiciel les logiciels- produits, ou progiciels, connaissent un succès grandissant en France, sous l'impulsion des sociétés américaines - constructeurs d équipements principalement.. . Plutôt que de s'engager entièrement dans cette production —un «nouveau métier»—, les Ssn françaises préfèrent consolider leurs positions. Les perspectives de la demande, conditionnée par la poursuite prévisible du progrès technique, laissent attendre un fort développement des applications à façon, à fort contenu intellectuel, notamment dans le domaine de l'informatique en réseaux. Mais ce développement sera inégal, du fait du poids des habitudes et des investissements passés, chez un certain nombre d'usagers.. . Pour en tirer bénéfice et conserver leurs avantages, les Ssn françaises devront contribuer à résoudre les problèmes posés par la constitution d'un marché de dimension européenne, du financement de leur recherche et de la formation des hommes, grâce à une coopération avec des publics et privés.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacques Horaist, 1986. "Les sociétés françaises de services et d'ingénierie en informatique, historique et perspectives," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 72(1), pages 3-27.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1986_num_72_1_4908
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1986.4908
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1986.4908
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