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Personality types revisited–a literature-informed and data-driven approach to an integration of prototypical and dimensional constructs of personality description

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  • André Kerber
  • Marcus Roth
  • Philipp Yorck Herzberg

Abstract

A new algorithmic approach to personality prototyping based on Big Five traits was applied to a large representative and longitudinal German dataset (N = 22,820) including behavior, personality and health correlates. We applied three different clustering techniques, latent profile analysis, the k-means method and spectral clustering algorithms. The resulting cluster centers, i.e. the personality prototypes, were evaluated using a large number of internal and external validity criteria including health, locus of control, self-esteem, impulsivity, risk-taking and wellbeing. The best-fitting prototypical personality profiles were labeled according to their Euclidean distances to averaged personality type profiles identified in a review of previous studies on personality types. This procedure yielded a five-cluster solution: resilient, overcontroller, undercontroller, reserved and vulnerable-resilient. Reliability and construct validity could be confirmed. We discuss wether personality types could comprise a bridge between personality and clinical psychology as well as between developmental psychology and resilience research.

Suggested Citation

  • André Kerber & Marcus Roth & Philipp Yorck Herzberg, 2021. "Personality types revisited–a literature-informed and data-driven approach to an integration of prototypical and dimensional constructs of personality description," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(1), pages 1-27, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0244849
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244849
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    Cited by:

    1. Petrik Runst & Jörg Thomä, 2023. "Resilient entrepreneurs? — revisiting the relationship between the Big Five and self-employment," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(1), pages 417-443, June.
    2. Runst, Petrik & Thomä, Jörg, 2022. "Resilient entrepreneurs? Revisiting the relationship between the Big Five and self-employment," ifh Working Papers 34/2022, Volkswirtschaftliches Institut für Mittelstand und Handwerk an der Universität Göttingen (ifh).

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