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Failed Replication of Oxytocin Effects on Trust: The Envelope Task Case

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  • Anthony Lane
  • Moïra Mikolajczak
  • Evelyne Treinen
  • Dana Samson
  • Olivier Corneille
  • Philippe de Timary
  • Olivier Luminet

Abstract

The neurohormone Oxytocin (OT) has been one of the most studied peptides in behavioral sciences over the past two decades. Many studies have suggested that OT could increase trusting behaviors. A previous study, based on the “Envelope Task” paradigm, where trust is assessed by the degree of openness of an envelope containing participant’s confidential information, showed that OT increases trusting behavior and reported one of the most powerful effects of OT on a behavioral variable. In this paper we present two failed replications of this effect, despite sufficient power to replicate the original large effect. The non-significant results of these two failed replications clearly exclude a large effect of OT on trust in this paradigm but are compatible with either a null effect of OT on trust, or a small effect, undetectable with small sample size (N = 95 and 61 in Study 1 and 2, respectively). Taken together, our results question the purported size of OT’s effect on trust and emphasize the need for replications.

Suggested Citation

  • Anthony Lane & Moïra Mikolajczak & Evelyne Treinen & Dana Samson & Olivier Corneille & Philippe de Timary & Olivier Luminet, 2015. "Failed Replication of Oxytocin Effects on Trust: The Envelope Task Case," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-10, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0137000
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137000
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. John P A Ioannidis, 2005. "Why Most Published Research Findings Are False," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(8), pages 1-1, August.
    2. Michael Kosfeld & Markus Heinrichs & Paul J. Zak & Urs Fischbacher & Ernst Fehr, 2005. "Oxytocin increases trust in humans," Nature, Nature, vol. 435(7042), pages 673-676, June.
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    1. John Quiggin, 2019. "The Replication Crisis as Market Failure," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-8, November.

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