IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/pal/pbapdi/v18y2022i3d10.1057_s41254-021-00229-z.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Using Q methodology to augment evaluation of public diplomacy programs

Author

Listed:
  • Steven L. Pike

    (Syracuse University)

Abstract

The evaluation of public diplomacy programs presents complicated challenges. Discernment of impact is complicated by statistical and practical issues: the nature of individualized personal experiences; the large number of factors that can influence an individual’s response to any experience; the long time horizon required for impact to develop; the influence of politics on defining desired outcomes; and a longrunning debate within the discipline over the proper objectives of exchange programs (mutual understanding for its own sake or the pursuit of foreign policy agendas). Researcher asked current and former participants in the Hubert H. Humphrey Exchange Program at Syracuse University for opinions on the outcomes, benefits, and attributes they expect of exchange programs, and used Q methodology, a scientific method for the study of subjectivity, to discern and describe differing perspectives. Results obtained revealed distinct differences in the opinion patterns of different groups of participants, including identifying participants who valued more agenda- and policy-driven objectives. Demographic information obtained was insufficient to identify the drivers of those groups and additional research, including expansion of the respondent pool and analysis of individual participants, is needed to refine the precise drivers.

Suggested Citation

  • Steven L. Pike, 2022. "Using Q methodology to augment evaluation of public diplomacy programs," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(3), pages 240-253, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:pbapdi:v:18:y:2022:i:3:d:10.1057_s41254-021-00229-z
    DOI: 10.1057/s41254-021-00229-z
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1057/s41254-021-00229-z
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1057/s41254-021-00229-z?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicholas J. Cull, 2008. "Public Diplomacy: Taxonomies and Histories," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 616(1), pages 31-54, March.
    2. Giles Scott-Smith, 2008. "Mapping the Undefinable: Some Thoughts on the Relevance of Exchange Programs within International Relations Theory," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 616(1), pages 173-195, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yoav Dubinsky, 2023. "The Olympic Games, nation branding, and public diplomacy in a post-pandemic world: Reflections on Tokyo 2020 and beyond," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(3), pages 386-397, September.
    2. Seow Ting Lee, 2022. "Film as cultural diplomacy: South Korea’s nation branding through Parasite (2019)," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(2), pages 93-104, June.
    3. Yoav Dubinsky, 2023. "Country image, cultural diplomacy, and sports during the COVID19 pandemic: Brand America and Super Bowl LV," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(3), pages 249-265, September.
    4. Steven L. Pike, 2023. "What diplomats do: US citizen perspectives on the work of public diplomacy," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(4), pages 442-455, December.
    5. Yoav Dubinsky, 2023. "Sports, Brand America and U.S. public diplomacy during the presidency of Donald Trump," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(1), pages 167-180, March.
    6. Yelena Osipova-Stocker & Eulynn Shiu & Thomas Layou & Shawn Powers, 2022. "Assessing impact in global media: methods, innovations, and challenges," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(3), pages 287-304, September.
    7. Olga Krasnyak, 2023. "The Cold War statecraft and public diplomacy: assessing US-Soviet scientific-technical exchanges," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(1), pages 54-63, March.
    8. Richard Parrish, 2022. "EU Sport Diplomacy: An Idea Whose Time Has Nearly Come," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(5), pages 1511-1528, September.
    9. Ilan Manor & Ronit Kampf, 2022. "Digital Nativity and Digital Diplomacy: Exploring Conceptual Differences Between Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 13(4), pages 442-457, September.
    10. Steven L. Pike & Dennis F. Kinsey, 2024. "Diplomatic identity and communication: using Q methodology to assess subjective perceptions of diplomatic practitioners," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(1), pages 66-75, March.
    11. Andrea Pavón-Guinea, 2024. "Conflict, power, and difference in dialogue: a conversation between public diplomacy and positioning theory," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(1), pages 44-54, March.
    12. Hendrik W. Ohnesorge, 2022. "The method of comparative-historical analysis: a tailor-made approach to public diplomacy research," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(3), pages 261-271, September.
    13. B. Theo Mazumdar, 2024. "Digital diplomacy: Internet-based public diplomacy activities or novel forms of public engagement?," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(1), pages 24-43, March.
    14. Biyun Zhu, 2023. "Tool selection for public diplomacy flagships: toward an adaptive model," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(1), pages 42-53, March.
    15. R. S. Zaharna, 2022. "The pandemic’s wake-up call for humanity-centered public diplomacy," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(1), pages 4-7, March.
    16. Matthew T. Palmer & Eugene Bempong Nyantakyi & Jami A. Fullerton, 2023. "The US Peace Corps as a public diplomacy strategy," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(1), pages 15-29, March.
    17. Yoav Dubinsky, 2022. "Sport-tech diplomacy: exploring the intersections between the sport-tech ecosystem, innovation, and diplomacy in Israel," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(2), pages 169-180, June.
    18. Kadir Jun Ayhan & Efe Sevin, 2022. "Moving public diplomacy research forward: methodological approaches," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(3), pages 201-203, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pal:pbapdi:v:18:y:2022:i:3:d:10.1057_s41254-021-00229-z. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.palgrave.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.