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Financial Inclusion and Stability: Review of Theoretical and Empirical Links
[Risk in Islamic Banking]

Author

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  • Martin Čihák
  • Davide Salvatore Mare
  • Martin Melecky

Abstract

This paper reviews the literature on financial stability and financial inclusion—two broad objectives of financial policy that may be mutually dependent. The review suggests the possible co-dependence of stability and inclusion. We build on this theoretical motivation by exploring stylized facts (correlations) obtained from data sets that have been widely used in the literature on financial inclusion and stability. The empirical correlations suggest that, on average, financial inclusion and stability correlate negatively, but the correlations vary systematically across individuals, firms, and country contexts. Depending on the financial instrument and stability measure, positive correlations are also likely. These associations reflect some findings in the existing literature, but also point to knowledge gaps that can be addressed by future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin Čihák & Davide Salvatore Mare & Martin Melecky, 2021. "Financial Inclusion and Stability: Review of Theoretical and Empirical Links [Risk in Islamic Banking]," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 36(2), pages 197-233.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:wbrobs:v:36:y:2021:i:2:p:197-233.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/wbro/lkaa006
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    Cited by:

    1. Damane, Moeti & Ho, Sin-Yu, 2024. "The impact of financial inclusion on financial stability: review of theories and international evidence," MPRA Paper 120369, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Babasyan, Davit & Gu, Yunfan & Melecky, Martin, 2023. "Late banking transitions: Comparing Uzbekistan to earlier reformers," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 30(C).

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