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A Comparison of the Effect of Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Tudor Vrinceanu
  • Caroll-Ann Blanchette
  • Brittany Intzandt
  • Maxime Lussier
  • Kristell Pothier
  • Thien Tuong Minh Vu
  • Anil Nigam
  • Laurent Bosquet
  • Antony D Karelis
  • Karen Z H Li
  • Nicolas Berryman
  • Louis Bherer

Abstract

ObjectivesStudies suggest that cognitive training and physical activity can improve age-related deficits in dual-task performances. However, both of these interventions have never been compared in the same study. This article investigates the improvement in dual-task performance in 2 types of exercise training groups and a cognitive training group and explores if there are specific dual-task components that are more sensitive or more likely to improve following each type of training.MethodsSeventy-eight healthy inactive participants older than the age of 60 (M = 69.98, SD = 5.56) were randomized to one of three 12-week training programs: aerobic training (AET) = 26, gross motor abilities (GMA) = 27, and cognition (COG) = 25. Before and after the training program, the participants underwent physical fitness tests, and cognitive evaluations involving a computerized cognitive dual task. The AET consisted of high- and low-intensity aerobic training, the GMA of full-body exercises focusing on agility, balance, coordination, and stretching, and the COG of tablet-based exercises focusing on executive functions.ResultsRepeated-measures analysis of variance on reaction time data revealed a group × time interaction (F(2,75) = 11.91, p

Suggested Citation

  • Tudor Vrinceanu & Caroll-Ann Blanchette & Brittany Intzandt & Maxime Lussier & Kristell Pothier & Thien Tuong Minh Vu & Anil Nigam & Laurent Bosquet & Antony D Karelis & Karen Z H Li & Nicolas Berryma, 2022. "A Comparison of the Effect of Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 77(6), pages 1069-1079.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:geronb:v:77:y:2022:i:6:p:1069-1079.
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