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Earned Income Tax Credits and Labor Supply: New Evidence From a British Natural Experiment

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  • Leigh, Andrew

Abstract

With many countries considering the adoption of a system of earned income tax credits, it is useful to analyze how different types of credits affect labor supply and earnings. This paper focuses on a 1999 reform to the UK tax credit system, which increased the value of the credit and reduced the phaseout rate. Using panel data, with individual fixed effects, I compare eligibles and ineligibles within five groups: all individuals; those whose demographic characteristics predict that they will have low earnings; single women; women in couples; and men in couples. Over a 15–month period, boosting the credit appears to have raised the labor participation rates, hours, and earnings of those who were eligible to receive it.

Suggested Citation

  • Leigh, Andrew, 2007. "Earned Income Tax Credits and Labor Supply: New Evidence From a British Natural Experiment," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 60(2), pages 205-224, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:ntj:journl:v:60:y:2007:i:2:p:205-24
    DOI: 10.17310/ntj.2007.2.03
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    Cited by:

    1. Mike Brewer & Anita Ratcliffe & Sarah dSmith, 2012. "Does welfare reform affect fertility? Evidence from the UK," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 25(1), pages 245-266, January.
    2. Blundell, Richard & Francesconi, Marco & van der Klaauw, Wilbert, 2011. "Anatomy of Welfare Reform Evaluation: Announcement and Implementation Effects," IZA Discussion Papers 6050, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Richard Dickens & Abigail McKnight, 2008. "The Impact of Policy Change on Job Retention and Advancement," CASE Papers case134, Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, LSE.
    4. Katie Fitzpatrick, 2015. "Does “Banking the Unbanked” Help Families to Save? Evidence from the United Kingdom," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 49(1), pages 223-249, March.
    5. Paul Gregg & Susan Harkness & Sarah Smith, 2009. "Welfare Reform and Lone Parents in the UK," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(535), pages 38-65, February.
    6. Bitler, Marianne P. & Gelbach, Jonah B. & Hoynes, Hilary W., 2008. "Distributional impacts of the Self-Sufficiency Project," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(3-4), pages 748-765, April.
    7. Giuseppe De Luca & Claudio Rossetti & Daniela Vuri, 2012. "In-Work Benefits for Married Couples: An Ex-Ante Evaluation of EITC and WTC Policies in Italy," CEIS Research Paper 244, Tor Vergata University, CEIS, revised 23 Jul 2012.
    8. Ghazala Azmat, 2019. "Incidence, Salience and Spillovers: The Direct and Indirect Effects of Tax Credits on Wages," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03567413, HAL.
    9. Slavko Bezeredi & Marko Ledić & Ivica Rubil & Ivica Urban, 2019. "Making work pay in Croatia: An ex-ante evaluation of two in-work benefits using miCROmod," International Journal of Microsimulation, International Microsimulation Association, vol. 12(3), pages 28-61.
    10. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/cjhqfnej9843a5mf27aq9dj2s is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Reeves, Aaron & McKee, Martin & Mackenbach, Johan & Whitehead, Margaret & Stuckler, David, 2017. "Introduction of a national minimum wage reduceddepressive symptoms in low-wage workers:a quasi-natural experiment in the UK," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 66485, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    12. Aaron Reeves & Martin McKee & Johan Mackenbach & Margaret Whitehead & David Stuckler, 2017. "Introduction of a National Minimum Wage Reduced Depressive Symptoms in Low‐Wage Workers: A Quasi‐Natural Experiment in the UK," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(5), pages 639-655, May.
    13. Ghazala Azmat, 2019. "Incidence, salience, and spillovers: The direct and indirect effects of tax credits on wages," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 10(1), pages 239-273, January.
    14. Bettendorf, Leon J.H. & Folmer, Kees & Jongen, Egbert L.W., 2014. "The dog that did not bark: The EITC for single mothers in the Netherlands," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 49-60.
    15. Dickins, Richard & McKnight, Abigail, 2008. "The impact of policy change on job retention and advancement," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 47490, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    16. David Neumark, 2016. "Policy levers to increase jobs and increase income from work after the Great Recession," IZA Journal of Labor Policy, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 5(1), pages 1-38, December.
    17. Ghazala Azmat, 2019. "Incidence, Salience and Spillovers: The Direct and Indirect Effects of Tax Credits on Wages," Post-Print hal-03567413, HAL.
    18. Andrew Leigh & Roger Wilkins, 2009. "Working Credits: A Low-Cost Alternative to Earned Income Tax Credits?," Melbourne Institute Working Paper Series wp2009n07, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne.
    19. Dickins, Richard & McKnight, Abigail, 2008. "The impact of policy change on job retention and advancement," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 23984, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    20. repec:cep:sticas:/134 is not listed on IDEAS
    21. Lundberg, Jacob & Norell, John, 2018. "Taxes, benefits and labour force participation: A survey of the quasi-experimental literature," Ratio Working Papers 313, The Ratio Institute.
    22. Ghazala Azmat, 2018. "Incidence, Salience and Spillovers: The Direct and Indirect Effects of Tax Credits on Wages," SciencePo Working papers hal-03567413, HAL.
    23. Katie Fitzpatrick, 2015. "The effect of bank account ownership on credit and consumption: Evidence from the UK," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 82(1), pages 55-80, July.

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