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Nuclear spin-wave quantum register for a solid-state qubit

Author

Listed:
  • Andrei Ruskuc

    (California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology)

  • Chun-Ju Wu

    (California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology)

  • Jake Rochman

    (California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology)

  • Joonhee Choi

    (California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology)

  • Andrei Faraon

    (California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology
    California Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Solid-state nuclear spins surrounding individual, optically addressable qubits1,2 are a crucial resource for quantum networks3–6, computation7–11 and simulation12. Although hosts with sparse nuclear spin baths are typically chosen to mitigate qubit decoherence13, developing coherent quantum systems in nuclear-spin-rich hosts enables exploration of a much broader range of materials for quantum information applications. The collective modes of these dense nuclear spin ensembles provide a natural basis for quantum storage14; however, using them as a resource for single-spin qubits has thus far remained elusive. Here, by using a highly coherent, optically addressed 171Yb3+ qubit doped into a nuclear-spin-rich yttrium orthovanadate crystal15, we develop a robust quantum control protocol to manipulate the multi-level nuclear spin states of neighbouring 51V5+ lattice ions. Via a dynamically engineered spin-exchange interaction, we polarize this nuclear spin ensemble, generate collective spin excitations, and subsequently use them to implement a quantum memory. We additionally demonstrate preparation and measurement of maximally entangled 171Yb–51V Bell states. Unlike conventional, disordered nuclear-spin-based quantum memories16–24, our platform is deterministic and reproducible, ensuring identical quantum registers for all 171Yb3+ qubits. Our approach provides a framework for utilizing the complex structure of dense nuclear spin baths, paving the way towards building large-scale quantum networks using single rare-earth ion qubits15,25–28.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrei Ruskuc & Chun-Ju Wu & Jake Rochman & Joonhee Choi & Andrei Faraon, 2022. "Nuclear spin-wave quantum register for a solid-state qubit," Nature, Nature, vol. 602(7897), pages 408-413, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:602:y:2022:i:7897:d:10.1038_s41586-021-04293-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04293-6
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jie Zhang & Linshan Liu & Chaofeng Zheng & Wang Li & Chunru Wang & Taishan Wang, 2023. "Embedded nano spin sensor for in situ probing of gas adsorption inside porous organic frameworks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. E. Kirstein & D. S. Smirnov & E. A. Zhukov & D. R. Yakovlev & N. E. Kopteva & D. N. Dirin & O. Hordiichuk & M. V. Kovalenko & M. Bayer, 2023. "The squeezed dark nuclear spin state in lead halide perovskites," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. G. L. Stolpe & D. P. Kwiatkowski & C. E. Bradley & J. Randall & M. H. Abobeih & S. A. Breitweiser & L. C. Bassett & M. Markham & D. J. Twitchen & T. H. Taminiau, 2024. "Mapping a 50-spin-qubit network through correlated sensing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    4. George Gillard & Edmund Clarke & Evgeny A. Chekhovich, 2022. "Harnessing many-body spin environment for long coherence storage and high-fidelity single-shot qubit readout," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    5. Roberto Rizzato & Martin Schalk & Stephan Mohr & Jens C. Hermann & Joachim P. Leibold & Fleming Bruckmaier & Giovanna Salvitti & Chenjiang Qian & Peirui Ji & Georgy V. Astakhov & Ulrich Kentsch & Manf, 2023. "Extending the coherence of spin defects in hBN enables advanced qubit control and quantum sensing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

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