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Links between erosion, runoff variability and seismicity in the Taiwan orogen

Author

Listed:
  • Simon J. Dadson

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Niels Hovius

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Hongey Chen

    (National Taiwan University)

  • W. Brian Dade

    (Dartmouth College)

  • Meng-Long Hsieh

    (National Taiwan University)

  • Sean D. Willett

    (University of Washington)

  • Jyr-Ching Hu

    (National Taiwan University)

  • Ming-Jame Horng

    (Ministry of Economic Affairs)

  • Meng-Chiang Chen

    (Fu-Su Village)

  • Colin P. Stark

    (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University)

  • Dimitri Lague

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Jiun-Chuan Lin

    (National Taiwan University)

Abstract

The erosion of mountain belts controls their topographic and structural evolution1,2,3 and is the main source of sediment delivered to the oceans4. Mountain erosion rates have been estimated from current relief and precipitation, but a more complete evaluation of the controls on erosion rates requires detailed measurements across a range of timescales. Here we report erosion rates in the Taiwan mountains estimated from modern river sediment loads, Holocene river incision and thermochronometry on a million-year scale. Estimated erosion rates within the actively deforming mountains are high (3–6 mm yr-1) on all timescales, but the pattern of erosion has changed over time in response to the migration of localized tectonic deformation. Modern, decadal-scale erosion rates correlate with historical seismicity and storm-driven runoff variability. The highest erosion rates are found where rapid deformation, high storm frequency and weak substrates coincide, despite low topographic relief.

Suggested Citation

  • Simon J. Dadson & Niels Hovius & Hongey Chen & W. Brian Dade & Meng-Long Hsieh & Sean D. Willett & Jyr-Ching Hu & Ming-Jame Horng & Meng-Chiang Chen & Colin P. Stark & Dimitri Lague & Jiun-Chuan Lin, 2003. "Links between erosion, runoff variability and seismicity in the Taiwan orogen," Nature, Nature, vol. 426(6967), pages 648-651, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:426:y:2003:i:6967:d:10.1038_nature02150
    DOI: 10.1038/nature02150
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    Cited by:

    1. Hone-Jay Chu & Yi-Chin Chen, 2018. "Crowdsourcing photograph locations for debris flow hot spot mapping," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 90(3), pages 1259-1276, February.
    2. Prush, Veronica & Oskin, Michael E., 2019. "A mechanistic erosion model for cosmogenic nuclide inheritance in fluvial single-clast exposure ages," Earth Arxiv gxnmt, Center for Open Science.
    3. Hone-Jay Chu & Yi-Chin Chen & Muhammad Zeeshan Ali & Bernhard Höfle, 2019. "Multi-Parameter Relief Map from High-Resolution DEMs: A Case Study of Mudstone Badland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-12, March.
    4. Muhammad Usman, 2016. "A study on the enhancing earthquake frequency in northern Pakistan: is the climate change responsible?," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 82(2), pages 921-931, June.
    5. Kun-Ming Lin & Wang-Kun Chen & Tai-Yi Yu & Len-Fu Chang, 2014. "The effects of Typhoon Morakot on concentration of airborne particulates derived from unvegetated riverbanks," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 74(2), pages 555-567, November.

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