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Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways in TGF-β family signalling

Author

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  • Rik Derynck

    (University of California at San Francisco)

  • Ying E. Zhang

    (National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health)

Abstract

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) proteins regulate cell function, and have key roles in development and carcinogenesis. The intracellular effectors of TGF-β signalling, the Smad proteins, are activated by receptors and translocate into the nucleus, where they regulate transcription. Although this pathway is inherently simple, combinatorial interactions in the heteromeric receptor and Smad complexes, receptor-interacting and Smad-interacting proteins, and cooperation with sequence-specific transcription factors allow substantial versatility and diversification of TGF-β family responses. Other signalling pathways further regulate Smad activation and function. In addition, TGF-β receptors activate Smad-independent pathways that not only regulate Smad signalling, but also allow Smad-independent TGF-β responses.

Suggested Citation

  • Rik Derynck & Ying E. Zhang, 2003. "Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways in TGF-β family signalling," Nature, Nature, vol. 425(6958), pages 577-584, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:425:y:2003:i:6958:d:10.1038_nature02006
    DOI: 10.1038/nature02006
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    1. Alexis Osseni & Aymeric Ravel-Chapuis & Edwige Belotti & Isabella Scionti & Yann-Gaël Gangloff & Vincent Moncollin & Laetitia Mazelin & Remi Mounier & Pascal Leblanc & Bernard J. Jasmin & Laurent Scha, 2022. "Pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 improves muscle phenotypes in dystrophin-deficient mice by downregulating TGF-β via Smad3 acetylation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Yijia Xiang & Yonghui Wu & Shiyong Ye & Junchong Chen & Changhong Cai & Ning Zhu & Xuyong Zhao & Chunlai Zeng, 2019. "Sildenafil May Have an Inhibition Effect on The TGFβ1- Smad2/3 Pathway in PAH Rats," Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, Biomedical Research Network+, LLC, vol. 15(2), pages 1-6, February.
    3. Qianxia Li & Huanlei Wu & Bei Chen & Guangyuan Hu & Liu Huang & Kai Qin & Yu Chen & Xianglin Yuan & Zhongxing Liao, 2012. "SNPs in the TGF-β Signaling Pathway Are Associated with Increased Risk of Brain Metastasis in Patients with Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(12), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Keun-Woo Lee & So-Young Yeo & Jeong-Ryeol Gong & Ok-Jae Koo & Insuk Sohn & Woo Yong Lee & Hee Cheol Kim & Seong Hyeon Yun & Yong Beom Cho & Mi-Ae Choi & Sugyun An & Juhee Kim & Chang Ohk Sung & Kwang-, 2022. "PRRX1 is a master transcription factor of stromal fibroblasts for myofibroblastic lineage progression," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-23, December.

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