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Anion-redox nanolithia cathodes for Li-ion batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Zhi Zhu

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Akihiro Kushima

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Zongyou Yin

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Lu Qi

    (College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University)

  • Khalil Amine

    (Argonne National Laboratory)

  • Jun Lu

    (Argonne National Laboratory)

  • Ju Li

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Abstract

The development of lithium–air batteries is plagued by a high potential gap (>1.2 V) between charge and discharge, and poor cyclability due to the drastic phase change of O2 (gas) and Ox− (condensed phase) at the cathode during battery operations. Here we report a cathode consisting of nanoscale amorphous lithia (nanolithia) confined in a cobalt oxide, enabling charge/discharge between solid Li2O/Li2O2/LiO2 without any gas evolution. The cathode has a theoretical capacity of 1,341 Ah kg−1, a mass density exceeding 2.2 g cm−3, and a practical discharge capacity of 587 Ah kg−1 at 2.55 V versus Li/Li+. It also displays stable cycling performance (only 1.8% loss after 130 cycles in lithium-matched full-cell tests against Li4Ti5O12 anode), as well as a round-trip overpotential of only 0.24 V. Interestingly, the cathode is automatically protected from O2 gas release and overcharging through the shuttling of self-generated radical species soluble in the carbonate electrolyte.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhi Zhu & Akihiro Kushima & Zongyou Yin & Lu Qi & Khalil Amine & Jun Lu & Ju Li, 2016. "Anion-redox nanolithia cathodes for Li-ion batteries," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 1(8), pages 1-7, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natene:v:1:y:2016:i:8:d:10.1038_nenergy.2016.111
    DOI: 10.1038/nenergy.2016.111
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