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Focal adhesions contain three specialized actin nanoscale layers

Author

Listed:
  • Reena Kumari

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Katharina Ven

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Megan Chastney

    (University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University)

  • Shrikant B. Kokate

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Johan Peränen

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Jesse Aaron

    (HHMI Janelia Research Campus)

  • Konstantin Kogan

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Leonardo Almeida-Souza

    (University of Helsinki
    University of Helsinki)

  • Elena Kremneva

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Renaud Poincloux

    (Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS)

  • Teng-Leong Chew

    (HHMI Janelia Research Campus)

  • Peter W. Gunning

    (UNSW Sydney, Wallace Wurth Building)

  • Johanna Ivaska

    (University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University
    University of Turku
    University of Turku
    Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute)

  • Pekka Lappalainen

    (University of Helsinki
    University of Helsinki)

Abstract

Focal adhesions (FAs) connect inner workings of cell to the extracellular matrix to control cell adhesion, migration and mechanosensing. Previous studies demonstrated that FAs contain three vertical layers, which connect extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. By using super-resolution iPALM microscopy, we identify two additional nanoscale layers within FAs, specified by actin filaments bound to tropomyosin isoforms Tpm1.6 and Tpm3.2. The Tpm1.6-actin filaments, beneath the previously identified α-actinin cross-linked actin filaments, appear critical for adhesion maturation and controlled cell motility, whereas the adjacent Tpm3.2-actin filament layer beneath seems to facilitate adhesion disassembly. Mechanistically, Tpm3.2 stabilizes ACF-7/MACF1 and KANK-family proteins at adhesions, and hence targets microtubule plus-ends to FAs to catalyse their disassembly. Tpm3.2 depletion leads to disorganized microtubule network, abnormally stable FAs, and defects in tail retraction during migration. Thus, FAs are composed of distinct actin filament layers, and each may have specific roles in coupling adhesions to the cytoskeleton, or in controlling adhesion dynamics.

Suggested Citation

  • Reena Kumari & Katharina Ven & Megan Chastney & Shrikant B. Kokate & Johan Peränen & Jesse Aaron & Konstantin Kogan & Leonardo Almeida-Souza & Elena Kremneva & Renaud Poincloux & Teng-Leong Chew & Pet, 2024. "Focal adhesions contain three specialized actin nanoscale layers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-46868-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46868-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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