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Three-dimensional printing of silica glass with sub-micrometer resolution

Author

Listed:
  • Po-Han Huang

    (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

  • Miku Laakso

    (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

  • Pierre Edinger

    (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

  • Oliver Hartwig

    (University of the Bundeswehr Munich & SENS Research Center)

  • Georg S. Duesberg

    (University of the Bundeswehr Munich & SENS Research Center)

  • Lee-Lun Lai

    (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

  • Joachim Mayer

    (RWTH Aachen University)

  • Johan Nyman

    (Linköping University)

  • Carlos Errando-Herranz

    (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

  • Göran Stemme

    (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

  • Kristinn B. Gylfason

    (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

  • Frank Niklaus

    (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Silica glass is a high-performance material used in many applications such as lenses, glassware, and fibers. However, modern additive manufacturing of micro-scale silica glass structures requires sintering of 3D-printed silica-nanoparticle-loaded composites at ~1200 °C, which causes substantial structural shrinkage and limits the choice of substrate materials. Here, 3D printing of solid silica glass with sub-micrometer resolution is demonstrated without the need of a sintering step. This is achieved by locally crosslinking hydrogen silsesquioxane to silica glass using nonlinear absorption of sub-picosecond laser pulses. The as-printed glass is optically transparent but shows a high ratio of 4-membered silicon-oxygen rings and photoluminescence. Optional annealing at 900 °C makes the glass indistinguishable from fused silica. The utility of the approach is demonstrated by 3D printing an optical microtoroid resonator, a luminescence source, and a suspended plate on an optical-fiber tip. This approach enables promising applications in fields such as photonics, medicine, and quantum-optics.

Suggested Citation

  • Po-Han Huang & Miku Laakso & Pierre Edinger & Oliver Hartwig & Georg S. Duesberg & Lee-Lun Lai & Joachim Mayer & Johan Nyman & Carlos Errando-Herranz & Göran Stemme & Kristinn B. Gylfason & Frank Nikl, 2023. "Three-dimensional printing of silica glass with sub-micrometer resolution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-38996-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38996-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Frederik Kotz & Karl Arnold & Werner Bauer & Dieter Schild & Nico Keller & Kai Sachsenheimer & Tobias M. Nargang & Christiane Richter & Dorothea Helmer & Bastian E. Rapp, 2017. "Three-dimensional printing of transparent fused silica glass," Nature, Nature, vol. 544(7650), pages 337-339, April.
    2. Timo Gissibl & Simon Thiele & Alois Herkommer & Harald Giessen, 2016. "Sub-micrometre accurate free-form optics by three-dimensional printing on single-mode fibres," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-9, September.
    3. Frederik Kotz & Patrick Risch & Karl Arnold & Semih Sevim & Josep Puigmartí-Luis & Alexander Quick & Michael Thiel & Andrei Hrynevich & Paul D. Dalton & Dorothea Helmer & Bastian E. Rapp, 2019. "Fabrication of arbitrary three-dimensional suspended hollow microstructures in transparent fused silica glass," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ziyong Li & Yanwen Jia & Ke Duan & Ran Xiao & Jingyu Qiao & Shuyu Liang & Shixiang Wang & Juzheng Chen & Hao Wu & Yang Lu & Xiewen Wen, 2024. "One-photon three-dimensional printed fused silica glass with sub-micron features," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.

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