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Probing material absorption and optical nonlinearity of integrated photonic materials

Author

Listed:
  • Maodong Gao

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Qi-Fan Yang

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Qing-Xin Ji

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Heming Wang

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Lue Wu

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Boqiang Shen

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • Junqiu Liu

    (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL))

  • Guanhao Huang

    (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL))

  • Lin Chang

    (University of California Santa Barbara)

  • Weiqiang Xie

    (University of California Santa Barbara)

  • Su-Peng Yu

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

  • Scott B. Papp

    (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

  • John E. Bowers

    (University of California Santa Barbara)

  • Tobias J. Kippenberg

    (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL))

  • Kerry J. Vahala

    (California Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Optical microresonators with high quality (Q) factors are essential to a wide range of integrated photonic devices. Steady efforts have been directed towards increasing microresonator Q factors across a variety of platforms. With success in reducing microfabrication process-related optical loss as a limitation of Q, the ultimate attainable Q, as determined solely by the constituent microresonator material absorption, has come into focus. Here, we report measurements of the material-limited Q factors in several photonic material platforms. High-Q microresonators are fabricated from thin films of SiO2, Si3N4, Al0.2Ga0.8As, and Ta2O5. By using cavity-enhanced photothermal spectroscopy, the material-limited Q is determined. The method simultaneously measures the Kerr nonlinearity in each material and reveals how material nonlinearity and ultimate Q vary in a complementary fashion across photonic materials. Besides guiding microresonator design and material development in four material platforms, the results help establish performance limits in future photonic integrated systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Maodong Gao & Qi-Fan Yang & Qing-Xin Ji & Heming Wang & Lue Wu & Boqiang Shen & Junqiu Liu & Guanhao Huang & Lin Chang & Weiqiang Xie & Su-Peng Yu & Scott B. Papp & John E. Bowers & Tobias J. Kippenbe, 2022. "Probing material absorption and optical nonlinearity of integrated photonic materials," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30966-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30966-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chenghao Lao & Xing Jin & Lin Chang & Heming Wang & Zhe Lv & Weiqiang Xie & Haowen Shu & Xingjun Wang & John E. Bowers & Qi-Fan Yang, 2023. "Quantum decoherence of dark pulses in optical microresonators," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.

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