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Market Imperfections, Macroeconomic Conditions, and Capital Structure Dynamics: A Cross-Country Study

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  • Moonsoo Kang
  • Wei Wang
  • Ying Xiao

Abstract

This article investigates how “systematic” adjustment costs proxied by market imperfections, and macroeconomic conditions affect capital structure dynamics in a cross-country setting. We document substantial variations in firms’ capital structure adjustments across countries and, particularly, over time. Consistent with adjustment costs impeding firms from rebalancing their capital structures, worse market imperfections are associated with slower speeds of adjustment (SOA) and larger leverage deviations. Intertemporally, capital structure adjustment is procyclical, with SOA increasing by 0.9 percentage point for a one-percentage-point increase in GDP growth rate. The procyclicality is attributable to good macroeconomic conditions mitigating market imperfections through channels of 1) facilitating free-ride restructuring and 2) uncertainty alleviation. Our investigation features a bootstrapping-based estimation method that addresses the mechanical mean reversion of leverage ratio.

Suggested Citation

  • Moonsoo Kang & Wei Wang & Ying Xiao, 2018. "Market Imperfections, Macroeconomic Conditions, and Capital Structure Dynamics: A Cross-Country Study," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(1), pages 234-254, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:mes:emfitr:v:54:y:2018:i:1:p:234-254
    DOI: 10.1080/1540496X.2017.1326380
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    Cited by:

    1. Narayan, Paresh Kumar & Phan, Dinh Hoang Bach & Liu, Guangqiang & Ibrahim, Mansor, 2021. "Ethical investing and capital structure," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    2. Mário Nuno Mata & Muhammad Najib Razali & Sónia R. Bentes & Isabel Vieira, 2021. "Volatility Spillover Effect of Pan-Asia’s Property Portfolio Markets," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-20, June.

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