IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ksp/journ6/v3y2016i4p570-576.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Economic Inequality as a Statistical Outcome

Author

Listed:
  • Oded KAFRI

    (Kafri Nihul Ltd., Tel Aviv, Israel)

  • Eli FISHOF

Abstract

We argue that the economic inequality which is found in the OECD countries and in the salaries of the top executives’ in the Fortune 100 companies are merely an equilibrium statistical outcome, similar to that of the energy distribution among photons in a blackbody. When we treat the photons as people, the radiation modes asocial rank and the photons’ energy as wealth; we obtain for the energy distribution among photons: the Gini index, the ratio between rich and poor, the relative poverty, the part of the property held by the upper percentiles, the salaries of CEO's, very similar values to the corresponding numbers of the OECD counties and Fortune 100 companies.

Suggested Citation

  • Oded KAFRI & Eli FISHOF, 2016. "Economic Inequality as a Statistical Outcome," Journal of Economics Bibliography, KSP Journals, vol. 3(4), pages 570-576, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksp:journ6:v:3:y:2016:i:4:p:570-576
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.kspjournals.org/index.php/JEB/article/download/902/1053
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: http://www.kspjournals.org/index.php/JEB/article/view/1004
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stephan Schulmeister, 2014. "A General Financial Transactions Tax. Motives, Effects and Implementation According to the Proposal of the European Commission," WIFO Working Papers 461, WIFO.
    2. Gennaro Zezza, 2012. "The impact of fiscal austerity in the Eurozone," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 1(0), pages 37-54.
    3. Achim Truger, 2014. "Austerity, cyclical adjustment and the remaining leeway for expansionary fiscal policies in the Euro area," IMK Working Paper 140-2014, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    4. Georg Zachmann, 2012. "Smart choices for growth," Policy Contributions 761, Bruegel.
    5. Dieter Smeets & Marco Zimmermann, 2013. "Did the EU Summits Succeed in Convincing the Markets during the Recent Crisis?," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(6), pages 1158-1177, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Oded KAFRI, 2017. "The Second Law as a Cause of the Evolution," Journal of Economics Bibliography, KSP Journals, vol. 4(1), pages 56-69, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zeilbeck, Severin, 2015. "An investment initiative for fiscally constrained EU member states: The role of synergetic financial instruments," IPE Working Papers 58/2015, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Institute for International Political Economy (IPE).
    2. Severin ZEILBECK, 2016. "An Investment Initiative for Fiscally Constrained EU Member States – The Role of Synergetic Financial Instruments," Journal of Economics Bibliography, KSP Journals, vol. 3(3), pages 380-408, September.
    3. Achim Truger, 2015. "Implementing the golden rule for public investment in Europe," Working Paper Reihe der AK Wien - Materialien zu Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft 138, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik.
    4. Paolo Pini, 2013. "Europe’s austerity budget for 2014-2020 and its rejection by the European Parliament. A short comment over an anti-Keynesian budget," Working Papers 2013142, University of Ferrara, Department of Economics.
    5. João Ferreira do Amaral & João Carlos Lopes, 2015. "The Trade-off Unemployment Rate/External Deficit: Assessing the Economic Adjustment Program of the Troika (European Commission, ECB and IMF) for Portugal using an Input-Output Approach," Working Papers Department of Economics 2015/04, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Department of Economics, Universidade de Lisboa.
    6. Ehrmann, Michael & Osbat, Chiara & Stráský, Jan & Uusküla, Lenno, 2014. "The euro exchange rate during the European sovereign debt crisis – Dancing to its own tune?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(PB), pages 319-339.
    7. Jörg Bibow, 2013. "Lost at Sea: The Euro Needs a Euro Treasury," IMK Studies 35-2013, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    8. Justin Christopher Yang & Andres Roman-Urrestarazu & Carol Brayne, 2018. "Binge alcohol and substance use across birth cohorts and the global financial crisis in the United States," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(6), pages 1-18, June.
    9. Alessandro Caiani & Ermanno Catullo & Mauro Gallegati, 2018. "The effects of fiscal targets in a monetary union: a multi-country agent-based stock flow consistent model," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 27(6), pages 1123-1154.
    10. Carmen Díaz-Roldán, 2017. "Fiscal Performance in Monetary Unions: How Much Austerity Should Be Allowed?," Panoeconomicus, Savez ekonomista Vojvodine, Novi Sad, Serbia, vol. 64(1), pages 61-76, December.
    11. Stracca, Livio & Lo Duca, Marco, 2014. "The effect of G20 summits on global financial markets," Working Paper Series 1668, European Central Bank.
    12. Massimo Amato & Luca Fantacci & Dimitri B. Papadimitriou & Gennaro Zezza, 2016. "Going Forward from B to A? Proposals for the Eurozone Crisis," Economies, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-14, August.
    13. Markus P.A. Schneider & Stephen Kinsella & Antoine Godin, 2015. "Redistribution in the Age of Austerity: Evidence from Europe, 2006-13," Economics Working Paper Archive wp_856, Levy Economics Institute.
    14. Robert Zbíral, 2015. "Standard Institution of the European Union? Changes to the European Council's Working Methods During the Financial Crisis [Standardní unijní instituce? Proměny vnitřního fungování Evropské rady na ," Současná Evropa, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2015(1), pages 4-18.
    15. Charlotte Burns & Paul Tobin, 2016. "The Impact of the Economic Crisis on European Union Environmental Policy," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(6), pages 1485-1494, November.
    16. Alessandro Caiani & Ermanno Catullo, 2023. "Fiscal Transfers and Common Debt in a Monetary Union: A Multi-Country Agent Based-Stock Flow Consistent Model," LEM Papers Series 2023/19, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    17. Adriano Cozzolino, 2020. "The Discursive Construction of Europe in Italy in the Age of Permanent Austerity," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 58(3), pages 580-598, May.
    18. Jan Priewe, 2020. "Why 60 and 3 percent? European debt and deficit rules - critique and alternatives," IMK Studies 66-2020, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    19. Orsola Costantini, 2015. "The Cyclically Adjusted Budget: History and Exegesis of a Fateful Estimate," Working Papers Series 24, Institute for New Economic Thinking.
    20. Philipp Heimberger, 2017. "Did fiscal consolidation cause the double-dip recession in the euro area?," Review of Keynesian Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing, vol. 5(3), pages 439-458, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economic inequality; Gini index; Relative poverty; Pareto law;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C62 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ksp:journ6:v:3:y:2016:i:4:p:570-576. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Bilal KARGI (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.kspjournals.org .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.