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Discrete Dividend Payments in Continuous Time

Author

Listed:
  • Jussi Keppo

    (Business School and Institute of Operations Research and Analytics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119245)

  • A. Max Reppen

    (Questrom School of Business, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215)

  • H. Mete Soner

    (Operations Research and Financial Engineering Department, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544)

Abstract

We propose a model in which dividend payments occur at regular, deterministic intervals in an otherwise continuous model. This contrasts traditional models where either the payment of continuous dividends is controlled or the dynamics are given by discrete time processes. Moreover, between two dividend payments, the structure allows for other types of control; we consider the possibility of equity issuance at any point in time. The value is characterized as the fixed point of an optimal control problem with periodic initial and terminal conditions. We prove the regularity and uniqueness of the corresponding dynamic programming equation and the convergence of an efficient numerical algorithm that we use to study the problem. The model enables us to find the loss caused by infrequent dividend payments. We show that under realistic parameter values, this loss varies from around 1%–24% depending on the state of the system and that using the optimal policy from the continuous problem further increases the loss.

Suggested Citation

  • Jussi Keppo & A. Max Reppen & H. Mete Soner, 2021. "Discrete Dividend Payments in Continuous Time," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 46(3), pages 895-911, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:ormoor:v:46:y:2021:i:3:p:895-911
    DOI: 10.1287/moor.2020.1081
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