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Poverty, Urbanization and Crime: Are They Related in Pakistan?

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Shahid Hassan

    (University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.)

  • Muhammad Shahid Akbar

    (University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.)

  • Ayesha Wajid

    (University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.)

  • Noman Arshed

    (University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.)

Abstract

Purpose: This study attempts to analyze the possible impact of poverty; inflation, economic growth, and urbanization on crime for a developing economy like Pakistan. Methodology: This study applies autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) to find long term relationship and Granger causality test for finding direction of causality between crime and its determinants for the period from 1978 to 2011. Findings: The empirical findings of the study have exposed that poverty; economic growth and urbanization have a significant and positive impact on crime in both long and short terms. Moreover; the findings of the Granger causality test demonstrate bi–directional Granger causality between urbanization and crime and uni–directional Granger causality running from between economic growth and crime which runs from economic growth to crime. Recommendations: Policy recommendations have been provided.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Shahid Hassan & Muhammad Shahid Akbar & Ayesha Wajid & Noman Arshed, 2016. "Poverty, Urbanization and Crime: Are They Related in Pakistan?," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 4(9), pages 483-492, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:ijr:journl:v:4:y:2016:i:9:p:483-492
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Aadil Hameed Shah & Atta Ullah Khan & Abdul Saboor & Muhammad Iftikhar‐ul‐Husnain, 2022. "Approximation of crime, poverty, and misery index across quasi‐democratic and dictatorship regimes in Pakistan: Static and dynamic analysis," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 14(1), pages 50-68, March.
    2. Chen, Shengming & Hassan, Muhammad Shahid & Latif, Ayesha & Rafay, Abdul & Mahmood, Haider & Xu, Xiaowei, 2023. "Investigating resource curse/blessing hypothesis: An empirical insights from Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Portugal economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Muhammad Shahid Hassan & Samra Bukhari & Noman Arshed, 2020. "Competitiveness, governance and globalization: What matters for poverty alleviation?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 3491-3518, April.
    4. Khadija Waheed & Ali Iqtedar Mirza, 2020. "Estimation of Multidimensional Urban Poverty in South Asian Cities: A Case of Lahore Metropolitan Area," International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology, 50sea, vol. 2(3), pages 61-79, September.
    5. Syed Jaffar Abbas & Noman Arshed, 2023. "Examining Determinants of Regional Inflation Heterogeneity — A Robust Panel Data Analysis," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, December.
    6. Noman Arshed & Sidra Nasir & Muhammad Ibrahim Saeed, 2022. "Impact of the External Debt on Standard of Living: A Case of Asian Countries," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 163(1), pages 321-340, August.
    7. Noman Arshed & Muhammad Shahid Hassan & Muhammad Umair Khan & Arslan Arif Uppal, 2022. "Moderating Effects of Logistics Infrastructure Development and Real Sector Productivity: A Case of Pakistan," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 23(3), pages 676-693, June.

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