Open innovation implementation to encourage corporate entrepreneurship through product-service system to sustain industrial estate firms: Indonesian evidence

Industrial estate firms have limited land and buildings as their main business so they need to create a new business model and innovation. Open innovation is a concept that emphasises the external resources used for creating ideas and innovations to encourage corporate entrepreneurship. This article builds a conceptual framework about open innovation implementation to encourage corporate entrepreneurship through PSS for Indonesian industrial estate firms. This article also compared open innovations implementation between state-owned and private-owned industrial estate. To build the conceptual framework, deductive and inductive approach were used. This study found that corporate entrepreneurship and open innovation concepts apply to Indonesian industrial estate firms. However, there are open innovation implementation differences between state-owned and private-owned industrial estate firms, the more outside resources involved, the more creative and variety of innovations obtained. The novelty of this article is to combine open innovation, corporate entrepreneurship and PSS concept for industrial estate firms.