The Interaction between Anthropogenic Activities and Atmospheric Environment in North China

To quantify the interaction between anthropogenic activities and the atmospheric environment in North China, spatiotemporal characteristics, transmission, source apportionment and a health risk assessment of the elements were analyzed in regional and background atmospheric research stations during a period of 2017. This study found that the concentration of PM 2.5 and 16 elements in the regional station was 1.5 and 2.8 times higher, respectively, than that in the background station. Under the combined influence of human activities and the dusty weather in Spring, the concentration of 16 elements in the regional station was up to 3 times that in the background station. In terms of the transmission of PM 2.5 , the potential source regions of PM 2.5 in North China were mainly the central and southern parts of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), as well as parts of northern Henan and western Shandong. The source apportionment of the elements proved that the elements in North China were mainly derived from soil dust (29.9–68.2%), followed by traffic (8.8–26.3%), with coal combustion and oil consumption accounting for 5.8–24.5% and 4.1–12.9%, respectively. Although the proportion was not the largest, traffic posed the highest health risk to people, which should draw the attention of the relevant authorities.