IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i3p2615-d1054108.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Identifying Landscape Character for Large Linear Heritage: A Case Study of the Ming Great Wall in Ji-Town, China

Author

Listed:
  • Shuang Zhao

    (Ecological Landscape Construction & Research Institute, China Architecture Design & Research Group, Beijing 100044, China)

  • Diechuan Yang

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)

  • Chi Gao

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)

Abstract

The Ming Great Wall (M-GW) is the most representative large linear heritage in China, and faces the problem of landscape fragmentation caused by traditional monument-based protection and disorderly tourism development. We propose to utilise character-based approach for managing landscape change and preserving its integrity. This paper presents a hierarchical characterisation method for the M-GW landscape in Ji-Town in two steps: definition and delimitation of landscape area, and zoning of landscape characters. The landscape area was identified based on the landscape relevance of the space from natural, cultural, and visual aspects. The landscape character types and areas were identified by two dominant attributes using a layout method at Level I (general zoning), and by eight specific attributes using a synthetic method that combines digital and manual approaches at Level II (detailed zoning). According to the analysis results, a wide belt landscape area of about 8650.7 km 2 was delimited. A total of eight landscape character types, 15 sub-types, 47 landscape character areas and 359 sub-areas were obtained. Additionally, the results highlighted the key landscape characteristics that could be used for the planning and construction of the National Cultural Park. Finally, this research provides further direction for the theoretical and technical basis of future research on landscape characterization and sustainable management of the whole M-GW and other linear heritage landscapes.

Suggested Citation

  • Shuang Zhao & Diechuan Yang & Chi Gao, 2023. "Identifying Landscape Character for Large Linear Heritage: A Case Study of the Ming Great Wall in Ji-Town, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-21, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:2615-:d:1054108
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/3/2615/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/3/2615/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Steven Warnock & Geoffrey Griffiths, 2015. "Landscape Characterisation: The Living Landscapes Approach in the UK," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(3), pages 261-278, April.
    2. Andrew Butler, 2016. "Dynamics of integrating landscape values in landscape character assessment: the hidden dominance of the objective outsider," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(2), pages 239-252, February.
    3. Ioannis N. Vogiatzakis & Maria Zomeni & A. M. Mannion, 2017. "Characterizing Islandscapes: Conceptual and Methodological Challenges Exemplified in the Mediterranean," Land, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-13, February.
    4. Simensen, Trond & Halvorsen, Rune & Erikstad, Lars, 2018. "Methods for landscape characterisation and mapping: A systematic review," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 557-569.
    5. Geoffrey Griffiths, 2018. "Transferring Landscape Character Assessment from the UK to the Eastern Mediterranean: Challenges and Perspectives," Land, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-11, March.
    6. Yulian Pan & Yunong Wu & Xi Xu & Bin Zhang & Weifu Li, 2022. "Identifying Terrestrial Landscape Character Types in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-19, July.
    7. Li Li & Rundong Feng & Jianchao Xi, 2021. "Ecological Risk Assessment and Protection Zone Identification for Linear Cultural Heritage: A Case Study of the Ming Great Wall," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-18, November.
    8. Theano S. Terkenli & Aikaterini Gkoltsiou & Dimitris Kavroudakis, 2021. "The Interplay of Objectivity and Subjectivity in Landscape Character Assessment: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches and Challenges," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-19, January.
    9. Yukun Zhang & Songyang Li & Lifeng Tan & Jiayin Zhou, 2021. "Distribution and Integration of Military Settlements’ Cultural Heritage in the Large Pass City of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty: A Case Study of Juyong Pass Defense Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-20, June.
    10. Ingrid Sarlöv Herlin, 2016. "Exploring the national contexts and cultural ideas that preceded the Landscape Character Assessment method in England," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(2), pages 175-185, February.
    11. Grzegorz Mikusiński & Malgorzata Blicharska & Hans Antonson & Marianne Henningsson & G�rgen G�ransson & Per Angelstam & Andreas Seiler, 2013. "Integrating Ecological, Social and Cultural Dimensions in the Implementation of the Landscape Convention," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(3), pages 384-393, June.
    12. Pan Jiang & Long Shao & Christopher Baas, 2019. "Interpretation of Value Advantage and Sustainable Tourism Development for Railway Heritage in China Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-17, November.
    13. Haiyun Xu & Tobias Plieninger & Jørgen Primdahl, 2019. "A Systematic Comparison of Cultural and Ecological Landscape Corridors in Europe," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-32, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ding He & Wenting Chen & Jie Zhang, 2024. "Integrating Heritage and Environment: Characterization of Cultural Landscape in Beijing Great Wall Heritage Area," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-32, April.
    2. Chryssy Potsiou & Charalabos Ioannidis & Sofia Soile & Argyro-Maria Boutsi & Regina Chliverou & Konstantinos Apostolopoulos & Maria Gkeli & Fotis Bourexis, 2023. "Geospatial Tool Development for the Management of Historical Hiking Trails—The Case of the Holy Site of Meteora," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-19, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Manolaki, P. & Zotos, S. & Vogiatzakis, I.N., 2020. "An integrated ecological and cultural framework for landscape sensitivity assessment in Cyprus," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    2. Nadja Penko Seidl & Mateja Šmid Hribar & Jelka Hudoklin & Tomaž Pipan & Mojca Golobič, 2021. "Defining Landscapes, and Their Importance for National Identity—A Case Study from Slovenia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-18, June.
    3. Andrew Lothian, 2022. "Visual Resource Stewardship—An International Perspective," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-38, March.
    4. Theano S. Terkenli & Aikaterini Gkoltsiou & Dimitris Kavroudakis, 2021. "The Interplay of Objectivity and Subjectivity in Landscape Character Assessment: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches and Challenges," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-19, January.
    5. Rocío Silva-Pérez & Gema González-Romero, 2022. "GIAHS as an Instrument to Articulate the Landscape and Territorialized Agrifood Systems—The Example of La Axarquía (Malaga Province, Spain)," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-21, February.
    6. Ioannis N. Vogiatzakis & Paraskevi Manolaki, 2017. "Investigating the Diversity and Variability of Eastern Mediterranean Landscapes," Land, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-16, October.
    7. Vassiliki Vlami & Stamatis Zogaris & Hakan Djuma & Ioannis P. Kokkoris & George Kehayias & Panayotis Dimopoulos, 2019. "A Field Method for Landscape Conservation Surveying: The Landscape Assessment Protocol (LAP)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-20, April.
    8. Yingxue Wang & Jiaheng Du & Jingxing Kuang & Chunxu Chen & Maobiao Li & Jin Wang, 2023. "Two-Scaled Identification of Landscape Character Types and Areas: A Case Study of the Yunnan–Vietnam Railway (Yunnan Section), China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-18, April.
    9. Ela Romov & Na’ama Teschner, 2022. "A Place under the Sun: Planning, Landscape and Participation in a Case of a Solar Powerplant in the Israeli Desert," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-15, June.
    10. Hangyu Gao & Shamsul Abu Bakar & Suhardi Maulan & Mohd Johari Mohd Yusof & Riyadh Mundher & Khalilah Zakariya, 2023. "Identifying Visual Quality of Rural Road Landscape Character by Using Public Preference and Heatmap Analysis in Sabak Bernam, Malaysia," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-27, July.
    11. Simensen, Trond & Halvorsen, Rune & Erikstad, Lars, 2018. "Methods for landscape characterisation and mapping: A systematic review," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 557-569.
    12. Ding He & Jingchong Hu & Jie Zhang, 2023. "Assessment of Sustainable Development Suitability in Linear Cultural Heritage—A Case of Beijing Great Wall Cultural Belt," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, September.
    13. Yi-Min Chang Chien & Steve Carver & Alexis Comber, 2021. "An Exploratory Analysis of Expert and Nonexpert-Based Land-Scape Aesthetics Evaluations: A Case Study from Wales," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-18, February.
    14. Dan He & Zixuan Chen & Shaowei Ai & Jing Zhou & Linlin Lu & Ting Yang, 2021. "The Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Urban Cultural and Entertainment Facilities in Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-21, November.
    15. Zizhen Hong & Wentao Cao & Ying Chen & Sijia Zhu & Wenjun Zheng, 2024. "Identifying Rural Landscape Heritage Character Types and Areas: A Case Study of the Li River Basin in Guilin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-24, February.
    16. Jiazhen Zhang & Jeremy Cenci & Vincent Becue & Sesil Koutra & Christos S. Ioakimidis, 2020. "Recent Evolution of Research on Industrial Heritage in Western Europe and China Based on Bibliometric Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-15, July.
    17. Yihe Huang & Shouyun Shen & Wenmin Hu & Yurou Li & Guo Li, 2022. "Construction of Cultural Heritage Tourism Corridor for the Dissemination of Historical Culture: A Case Study of Typical Mountainous Multi-Ethnic Area in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-17, December.
    18. Amalia Vaneska Palacio Buendía & Yolanda Pérez-Albert & David Serrano Giné, 2021. "Mapping Landscape Perception: An Assessment with Public Participation Geographic Information Systems and Spatial Analysis Techniques," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-17, June.
    19. Antonio Santoro & Martina Venturi & Mauro Agnoletti, 2021. "Landscape Perception and Public Participation for the Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Landscapes: The Case of the Cinque Terre and Porto Venere UNESCO Site," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-24, January.
    20. Zichun Yan & Ninglong You & Lu Wang & Chengwei Lan, 2023. "Assessing the Impact of Road Network on Urban Landscape Ecological Risk Based on Corridor Cutting Degree Model in Fuzhou, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-21, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:2615-:d:1054108. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.