IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i20p13678-d949953.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Efficient Degradation of Carbendazim by Ferrate(VI) Oxidation under Near-Neutral Conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Yu Li

    (MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Hefa Cheng

    (MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

Abstract

Carbendazim (CBZ), a widely used fungicide in agriculture, is frequently detected in aquatic environment and causes significant concerns because of its endocrine-disrupting activity. This study investigated the degradation kinetics of CBZ in ferrate (Fe(VI)) oxidation, the influence of water matrices, and the transformation pathways of CBZ. The second-order rate constant for the reaction between CBZ and Fe(VI) decreased from 88.0 M −1 ·s −1 to 1.6 M −1 ·s −1 as the solution pH increased from 6.2 to 10.0. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained through response surface methodology, which were pH = 7.8 and [Fe(VI)]/[CBZ] = 14.2 (in molarity), and 96.9% of CBZ could be removed under such conditions. Cu 2+ and Fe 3+ accelerated the degradation of CBZ by Fe(VI) oxidation; common cations and anions found in natural water had no significant effect, while the presence of humic acid also accelerated the degradation of CBZ. Based on the degradation products identified, degradation of CBZ in Fe(VI) oxidation proceeded via three pathways: namely, hydroxylation, removal of the methoxyl group, and cleavage of the C–N/C=N bond. The initial reaction site of CBZ oxidation by Fe(VI) was also supported by the atomic partial charge distribution on the CBZ molecule obtained from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. CBZ in natural water matrices was efficiently removed by Fe(VI) oxidation under near-neutral conditions, indicating that Fe(VI) oxidation could be a promising treatment option for benzimidazole fungicides.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu Li & Hefa Cheng, 2022. "Efficient Degradation of Carbendazim by Ferrate(VI) Oxidation under Near-Neutral Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:20:p:13678-:d:949953
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/20/13678/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/20/13678/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:20:p:13678-:d:949953. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.