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Evolution of the Relationship between Runoff and Sediment Transport during Flood Event in the Chabagou Watershed of the Loess Plateau

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  • Qiannan Yang

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Haidong Gao

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Yong Han

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Zhanbin Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

  • Kexin Lu

    (State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China)

Abstract

Research on flood events is one of the most important parts to study runoff and sediment transport in the typical watershed on the Loess Plateau. Based on 101 floods in Period I (PD-I, 1970 to 1990) and Period II (PD-II, 2006 to 2018), and combined with rainfall data, the study indicated the evolution of runoff and sediment transport characteristics during flood events in the Chabagou watershed, and reveal its influencing factors in both periods. Results showed: (1) Sediment yield (SY) increased linearly with runoff amount (RA), and the increasing rate of SY in PD-II was around 20% of PD-I, the relationship between peak flow (PF) and sediment concentration (SC) was the power function, and the SC in PD-II was lower than that in PD-I under the same PF. (2) SY was more sensitive to P (precipitation) of the flood event than rainfall intensity (RI), and the sensitivity of RA and SY to P in PD-II was greater than that in PD-I. The sediment delivery modulus (SDM) with rainfall erosivity (RE) was also linear, and the increasing rate of SDM in PD-II was 27% of PD-I. (3) The better improvement of the underlying surface not only raised the threshold of RA and corresponded with peak SC, but also shortened the duration of high sediment concentration and lowered the sediment transportation capacity by contrasting the flood processes.

Suggested Citation

  • Qiannan Yang & Haidong Gao & Yong Han & Zhanbin Li & Kexin Lu, 2022. "Evolution of the Relationship between Runoff and Sediment Transport during Flood Event in the Chabagou Watershed of the Loess Plateau," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:18:p:11573-:d:915615
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jorge Crespo & Elizabeth Holley & Madeleine Guillen & Ivan Lizaga & Sergio Ticona & Isaac Simon & Pablo A. Garcia-Chevesich & Gisella Martínez, 2023. "Tracking Sediment Provenance Applying a Linear Mixing Model Approach Using R’s FingerPro Package, in the Mining-Influenced Ocoña Watershed, Southern Peru," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Jing Luo & Peng Yang & Xiangjun Pei & Junhao Li & Shihan Shan & Yuying Duan & Yingping Huang, 2023. "Impact of Rock Fragment Shapes and Soil Cohesion on Runoff Generation and Sediment Yield of Steep Cut Slopes under Heavy Rainfall Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-21, July.

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