Study on the Influence of Seismic Wave Parameters on the Dynamic Response of Anti-Dip Bedding Rock Slopes under Three-Dimensional Conditions

As a result of earthquakes, the deformation and failure caused by anti-dip bedding rock slopes are large, and their seismic dynamic response law is complex. Using the three-dimensional discrete element numerical analysis software 3DEC, the influence of seismic wave parameters on the dynamic response of anti-dip bedding rock slopes was systematically studied, with special focus on the influence of the angle between seismic wave incidence direction and slope trend on the dynamic response of anti-dip bedding rock slopes under three-dimensional conditions. The orthogonal test was designed to conduct sensitivity analysis of five seismic parameters, including seismic wave amplitude, incidence angle of the S-wave, frequency, duration, and the time difference between the P-wave’s and the S-wave’s peak. The results revealed that the S-wave’s amplitude A s and the holding time T of the seismic wave are positively correlated with the acceleration amplification factor of the slope, and the incident direction γ of the S-wave is negatively correlated with the acceleration amplification factor of the slope. The increase of seismic wave frequency f and the time difference Δ t between the P-wave’s and the S-wave’s peak lead to the first increase and then decrease of the Y-directional displacement of the slope. The sensitivity of each seismic wave parameter to the Y-directional acceleration amplification factor at the shoulder of anti-dip bedding rock slopes in earthquake conditions is ordered as follows: S-wave’s amplitude A s > frequency f > S-wave’s incidence angle γ > the time difference Δ t > holding time T . the study results provide reference and basis for stability evaluation and engineering design of anti-dip bedding rock slopes in areas with high seismic intensity.