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Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Adjoining Sediment of River Ecosystem

Author

Listed:
  • Bhanu Pratap Singh

    (Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad 201204, India)

  • Moharana Choudhury

    (Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, India
    Voice of Environment (VoE), Guwahati 781034, India)

  • Palas Samanta

    (Department of Environmental Science, Sukanta Mahavidyalaya, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur 735210, India)

  • Monu Gaur

    (Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad 201204, India)

  • Maniram Kumar

    (Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad 201204, India)

Abstract

The present study was focused on heavy metal distribution patterns and the associated ecological risk assessment in the adjoining sediment of the Hindon River in Muzaffarnagar Region (U.P.), India. Lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), aluminum (Al), sodium (Na), and potassium (K) were estimated from six sediment samples (Atali A and B, Budhana A and B, and Titavi A and B). The concentration of the heavy metals Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Cd ranged from 25.5–74.7 mg kg −1 , 29.8–40.6 mg kg −1 , 7.0–29.2 mg kg −1 , 14.7–21.8 mg kg −1 , and 0.96–1.2 mg kg −1 , respectively and followed the sequence Zn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Cd, while major elements followed the sequence Na > Fe > Al > K. The enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index ( I geo ) revealed that Atali A showed the highest enrichment and followed the sequence Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd. Contamination factor (CF) and contamination degree (CD) depicted that all of the sites (except Titavi B) were moderately to considerably contaminated. The highest degree of contamination (CF, CD, and PLI, pollution load index) was observed at Titavi A followed by Atali A and Budhana A. Eco-toxicological risk assessment (RI) indicated that the sites were moderately contaminated, predominantly by Ni and Pb and Zn. The results revealed that the metal contamination in sediment is alarming and might pose an adverse threat to ecosystem health.

Suggested Citation

  • Bhanu Pratap Singh & Moharana Choudhury & Palas Samanta & Monu Gaur & Maniram Kumar, 2021. "Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Adjoining Sediment of River Ecosystem," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:18:p:10330-:d:636457
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mahmoud F. Seleiman & Nasser Al-Suhaibani & Salah El-Hendawy & Kamel Abdella & Majed Alotaibi & Ali Alderfasi, 2021. "Impacts of Long- and Short-Term of Irrigation with Treated Wastewater and Synthetic Fertilizers on the Growth, Biomass, Heavy Metal Content, and Energy Traits of Three Potential Bioenergy Crops in Ari," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-22, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yongxia Meng & Peng Li & Lie Xiao & Rui Wang & Shutong Yang & Jiangxue Han & Bingze Hu, 2022. "Heavy Metal Content and Pollution Assessment in Typical Check Dam Sediment in a Watershed of Loess Plateau, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-13, July.

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