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Morphological Characteristics of Informal Settlements and Strategic Suggestions for Urban Sustainable Development in Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, and Kigoma

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  • Jiaqi Zhang

    (Institute of Political Science and Law, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
    Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China)

  • Sophia Shuang Chen

    (Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China)

  • Qun Gao

    (Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China)

  • Qiushi Shen

    (Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China)

  • Ismael Aaron Kimirei

    (Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. Box 9750 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania)

  • Damas William Mapunda

    (Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NIGLAS), Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China
    Vice President’s Office, Division of Environment, P.O. Box 2502 Dodoma, Tanzania)

Abstract

Rapid urbanization in developing countries has been accompanied by the spread of informal settlements, which is particularly prominent in sub-Saharan Africa. These settlements have become an important supplement to the inadequate formal housing supply in cities, and their spontaneously formed spatial patterns have important influences on sustainable development. In this study, qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to examine the morphological characteristics of informal settlements in Tanzania and the associated influences on urban development. Geographic spatial analyses, landscape pattern indices, and mathematical statistics, along with quick assessments, group discussions, and key informant interviews, were used to obtain detailed information on the spatial forms of informal settlements. The results indicate that the form of the settlements does not conform to the social, economic, or environmental characteristics of sustainable development. The disordered expansion of single-layered buildings with a single function, irregular road networks in poor condition, and a lack of consideration and protection of the ecological environment were found to negatively impact urban function and sustainable development. However, the structure and form of informal settlements could, in addition to formalization projects, be optimized to drive sustainable and socioeconomic development goals as well as environmental conservation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiaqi Zhang & Sophia Shuang Chen & Qun Gao & Qiushi Shen & Ismael Aaron Kimirei & Damas William Mapunda, 2020. "Morphological Characteristics of Informal Settlements and Strategic Suggestions for Urban Sustainable Development in Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, Mwanza, and Kigoma," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-21, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3807-:d:355014
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gwaleba, Method Julius & Chigbu, Uchendu Eugene, 2020. "Participation in property formation: Insights from land-use planning in an informal urban settlement in Tanzania," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
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    5. Hesam Kamalipour & Nastaran Peimani, 2019. "Towards an Informal Turn in the Built Environment Education: Informality and Urban Design Pedagogy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-14, August.
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