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Analysis on the Evolution of Rural Settlement Pattern and Its Influencing Factors in China from 1995 to 2015

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  • Jieyong Wang

    (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)

  • Yu Zhang

    (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

Abstract

Since the early 1990s, China has experienced rapid industrialization and urbanization. As cities have expanded rapidly, the spatial patterns of rural settlements also changed significantly. This study uses land use data from satellite imagery interpretation, socioeconomic statistics, and field survey data, together with techniques including landscape pattern analysis, kernel density estimation, and spatial measurement models, to analyze the evolving spatial patterns of rural settlements influencing factors in China from 1995 to 2015. The results indicate the following: First, China’s rural settlements experienced significant changes in the period 1995–2015, as 88.92% of Prefectural-level administrative district units saw an increase in rural settlement area, with total settlement size increasing by 1.35 million hectares, and settlement area sprawl index values can be summarized as “high in the west and low in the east”. Second, in the two-decade study period, the population agglomeration capacity of rural settlements in China continuously weakened, and the shape and structure of rural settlement became more complex and irregular. The scale and scope of the disappearance of rural settlement areas in the northeast and southeast regions was relatively drastic, and the kernel density value of settlements dropped significantly. Third, the increase in rural settlement land area is concentrated in low-altitude and low-slope areas, with a significant tendency to be near water and roads. Fourth, social and economic factors, such as per capita net income of rural residents, the proportion of the population employed in agriculture, the size and structure of the permanent rural population, local fiscal revenue, and urbanization level, are the main factors that cause changes of rural settlement patterns. The results of this study can serve as a reference for promoting regional rural sustainable development policies and advancing rural spatial governance and comprehensive revitalization.

Suggested Citation

  • Jieyong Wang & Yu Zhang, 2021. "Analysis on the Evolution of Rural Settlement Pattern and Its Influencing Factors in China from 1995 to 2015," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:11:p:1137-:d:664872
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Jieyong Wang & Xiaoyang Wang & Guoming Du & Haonan Zhang, 2022. "Temporal and Spatial Changes of Rural Settlements and Their Influencing Factors in Northeast China from 2000 to 2020," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Jin Yang & Chen Xu & Zhiyong Fang & Yuanbo Shi, 2022. "Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Driving Factors of Rural Revitalization Model Villages in the Yangtze River Delta," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, October.
    3. Xiaowei Yao & Di Wu, 2023. "Spatiotemporal Changes and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Region, 1990–2020," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-23, September.
    4. Rongtian Zhang & Xiaolin Zhang, 2022. "Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements in Metropolitan Fringe Area: A Case Study of Nanjing, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Yaqiong Duan & Su Chen & Lingda Zhang & Dan Wang & Dongyang Liu & Quanhua Hou, 2023. "Spatial Distribution Characteristic and Type Classification of Rural Settlements: A Case Study of Weibei Plain, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-19, May.

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