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A Comprehensive Assessment Protocol for Swallowing (CAPS): Paving the Way towards Computer-Aided Dysphagia Screening

Author

Listed:
  • Hyo-Jung Lim

    (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Derek Ka-Hei Lai

    (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Bryan Pak-Hei So

    (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • Calvin Chi-Kong Yip

    (School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China)

  • Daphne Sze Ki Cheung

    (School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
    Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • James Chung-Wai Cheung

    (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
    Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

  • Duo Wai-Chi Wong

    (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

Abstract

Dysphagia is one of the most common problems among older adults, which might lead to aspiration pneumonia and eventual death. It calls for a feasible, reliable, and standardized screening or assessment method to prompt rehabilitation measures and mitigate the risks of dysphagia complications. Computer-aided screening using wearable technology could be the solution to the problem but is not clinically applicable because of the heterogeneity of assessment protocols. The aim of this paper is to formulate and unify a swallowing assessment protocol, named the Comprehensive Assessment Protocol for Swallowing (CAPS), by integrating existing protocols and standards. The protocol consists of two phases: the pre-test phase and the assessment phase. The pre-testing phase involves applying different texture or thickness levels of food/liquid and determining the required bolus volume for the subsequent assessment. The assessment phase involves dry (saliva) swallowing, wet swallowing of different food/liquid consistencies, and non-swallowing (e.g., yawning, coughing, speaking, etc.). The protocol is designed to train the swallowing/non-swallowing event classification that facilitates future long-term continuous monitoring and paves the way towards continuous dysphagia screening.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyo-Jung Lim & Derek Ka-Hei Lai & Bryan Pak-Hei So & Calvin Chi-Kong Yip & Daphne Sze Ki Cheung & James Chung-Wai Cheung & Duo Wai-Chi Wong, 2023. "A Comprehensive Assessment Protocol for Swallowing (CAPS): Paving the Way towards Computer-Aided Dysphagia Screening," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-9, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:2998-:d:1062216
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. James Chung-Wai Cheung & Eric Wing-Cheung Tam & Alex Hing-Yin Mak & Tim Tin-Chun Chan & Yong-Ping Zheng, 2022. "A Night-Time Monitoring System (eNightLog) to Prevent Elderly Wandering in Hostels: A Three-Month Field Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-16, February.
    2. Bryan Pak-Hei So & Derek Ka-Hei Lai & Daphne Sze-Ki Cheung & Wing-Kai Lam & James Chung-Wai Cheung & Duo Wai-Chi Wong, 2022. "Virtual Reality-Based Immersive Rehabilitation for Cognitive- and Behavioral-Impairment-Related Eating Disorders: A VREHAB Framework Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-18, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Derek Ka-Hei Lai & Ethan Shiu-Wang Cheng & Bryan Pak-Hei So & Ye-Jiao Mao & Sophia Ming-Yan Cheung & Daphne Sze Ki Cheung & Duo Wai-Chi Wong & James Chung-Wai Cheung, 2023. "Transformer Models and Convolutional Networks with Different Activation Functions for Swallow Classification Using Depth Video Data," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-22, July.

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