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The Effect of Starting Blood Glucose Levels on Serum Electrolyte Concentrations during and after Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes

Author

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  • Zeinab Momeni

    (Augustana Faculty, University of Alberta, 4901-46th Avenue, Camrose, AB T4V 2R3, Canada
    Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, Alberta Diabetes Institute, 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
    Women’s and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada)

  • Normand G. Boulé

    (Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, Alberta Diabetes Institute, 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
    Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, 3-100 University Hall, Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada)

  • Carla M. Prado

    (Women’s and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
    Human Nutrition Research Unit, Alberta Diabetes Institute, 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
    Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada)

  • Heather A. Hinz

    (Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, Alberta Diabetes Institute, 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
    Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, 3-100 University Hall, Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada)

  • Jane E. Yardley

    (Augustana Faculty, University of Alberta, 4901-46th Avenue, Camrose, AB T4V 2R3, Canada
    Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, Alberta Diabetes Institute, 112 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T9, Canada
    Women’s and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
    Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, 3-100 University Hall, Van Vliet Complex, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada)

Abstract

Fear of hypoglycemia is a major exercise barrier for people with type 1 diabetes (PWT1D). Consequently, although guidelines recommend starting exercise with blood glucose (BG) concentration at 7–10 mmol/L, PWT1D often start higher, potentially affecting hydration and serum electrolyte concentrations. To test this, we examined serum and urine electrolyte concentrations during aerobic exercise (cycling 45 min at 60%VO 2 peak) in 12 PWT1D (10F/2M, mean ± SEM: age 29 ± 2.3 years, VO 2 peak 37.9 ± 2.2 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ) with starting BG levels: 8–10 (MOD), and 12–14 (HI) mmol/L. Age, sex, and fitness-matched controls without diabetes (CON) completed one exercise session with BG in the normal physiological range. Serum glucose was significantly higher during exercise and recovery in HI versus MOD ( p = 0.0002 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and in MOD versus CON ( p < 0.0001). During exercise and recovery, MOD and HI were not significantly different in serum insulin ( p = 0.59 and p = 0.63), sodium ( p = 0.058 and p = 0.08), potassium ( p = 0.17 and p = 0.16), calcium ( p = 0.75 and 0.19), and magnesium p = 0.24 and p = 0.09). Our findings suggest that exercise of moderate intensity and duration with higher BG levels may not pose an immediate risk to hydration or serum electrolyte concentrations for PWT1D.

Suggested Citation

  • Zeinab Momeni & Normand G. Boulé & Carla M. Prado & Heather A. Hinz & Jane E. Yardley, 2023. "The Effect of Starting Blood Glucose Levels on Serum Electrolyte Concentrations during and after Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2109-:d:1045413
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