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Clinically Relevant β-Lactam Resistance Genes in Wastewater Treatment Plants

Author

Listed:
  • Izabela Waśko

    (Department of Biomedical Research, National Medicines Institute, Chelmska 30/34, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Aleksandra Kozińska

    (Department of Biomedical Research, National Medicines Institute, Chelmska 30/34, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Ewa Kotlarska

    (Genetics and Marine Biotechnology Department, Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstancow Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland)

  • Anna Baraniak

    (Department of Biomedical Research, National Medicines Institute, Chelmska 30/34, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland)

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the largest global concerns due to its influence in multiple areas, which is consistent with One Health’s concept of close interconnections between people, animals, plants, and their shared environments. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) circulate constantly in various niches, sediments, water sources, soil, and wastes of the animal and plant sectors, and is linked to human activities. Sewage of different origins gets to the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where ARB and ARG removal efficiency is still insufficient, leading to their transmission to discharge points and further dissemination. Thus, WWTPs are believed to be reservoirs of ARGs and the source of spreading AMR. According to a World Health Organization report, the most critical pathogens for public health include Gram-negative bacteria resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems (last-choice drugs), which represent β-lactams, the most widely used antibiotics. Therefore, this paper aimed to present the available research data for ARGs in WWTPs that confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, with a particular emphasis on clinically important life-threatening mechanisms of resistance, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases (KPC, NDM).

Suggested Citation

  • Izabela Waśko & Aleksandra Kozińska & Ewa Kotlarska & Anna Baraniak, 2022. "Clinically Relevant β-Lactam Resistance Genes in Wastewater Treatment Plants," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-34, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:21:p:13829-:d:951799
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Herbert Galler & Gebhard Feierl & Christian Petternel & Franz F. Reinthaler & Doris Haas & Juliana Habib & Clemens Kittinger & Josefa Luxner & Gernot Zarfel, 2018. "Multiresistant Bacteria Isolated from Activated Sludge in Austria," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-11, March.
    2. Taniya Bardhan & Madhurima Chakraborty & Bornali Bhattacharjee, 2020. "Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant, Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Proteobacteria in Hospital Water Bodies and Out-Falls of West Bengal, India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Luhua Zhang & Xinyue Ma & Li Luo & Nan Hu & Jiayao Duan & Zhongjian Tang & Rujie Zhong & Ying Li, 2020. "The Prevalence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Bacteria from Hospital Sewage, Treated Effluents and Receiving Rivers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-13, February.
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