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Use of Hand Creams during the Period of Frequent Disinfection in COVID-19 Pandemic—Preference Survey and Evaluation of Mercury Contamination

Author

Listed:
  • Anna Puścion-Jakubik

    (Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland)

  • Monika Pienkiewicz

    (Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland)

  • Karolina Steckiewicz

    (Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland)

  • Aleksandra Stypułkowska

    (Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland)

  • Monika Grabia

    (Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland)

  • Joanna Bielecka

    (Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland)

  • Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska

    (Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland)

  • Katarzyna Socha

    (Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland)

Abstract

The skin is one of the ways the human body is exposed to toxic elements, including mercury (Hg). Hand creams are cosmetics that should be of high quality due to the fact that they can be used on irritated skin, which can facilitate the absorption of many ingredients. The study consisted of two stages: a consumer questionnaire was conducted regarding the preferences of the respondents, and then the Hg content in hand creams was determined. The survey covered 184 people with an age of 26.9 ± 7.8 years. Based on their preferences, 140 hand creams were selected for the study. The Hg content in the creams was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with the amalgamation technique. The median content of this toxic element was 4.067 µg/kg. No influence of the country of origin, price, package size, main ingredients, and direction of action on the Hg content was shown. Noncarcinogenic risk assessment using the hazard quotient (HQ) indicated that the tested creams are safe. However, it should be emphasized that Hg has been shown in over 99% of the samples, which indicates that the content of this element in hand creams should be monitored.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Puścion-Jakubik & Monika Pienkiewicz & Karolina Steckiewicz & Aleksandra Stypułkowska & Monika Grabia & Joanna Bielecka & Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska & Katarzyna Socha, 2022. "Use of Hand Creams during the Period of Frequent Disinfection in COVID-19 Pandemic—Preference Survey and Evaluation of Mercury Contamination," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-8, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13025-:d:939123
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