The Effect of Muscle Strength on Marathon Race-Induced Muscle Soreness

Background: Muscle soreness after a competition or a training session has been a concern of runners due to its harmful effect on performance. It is not known if stronger individuals present a lower level of muscle soreness after a strenuous physical effort. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the pre-race muscle strength or the V ˙ O 2 m a x level can predict muscle soreness 24, 48 and 72 h after a full marathon in men. Methods: Thirty-one marathon runners participated in this study (age, 40.8 ± 8.8 years old; weight, 74.3 ± 10.4 kg; height, 174.2 ± 7.6 cm; maximum oxygen uptake, V ˙ O 2 m a x , 57.7 ± 6.8 mL/kg/min). The isokinetic strength test for thigh muscles and the V ˙ O 2 m a x level was performed 15–30 days before the marathon and the participants were evaluated for the subjective feeling of soreness before, 24, 48 and 72 h after the marathon. Results: The participants presented more pain 24 h after the race (median = 3, IQR = 1) than before it (median = 0, IQR = 0) ( p < 0.001), and the strength values for the knee extensor muscles were significantly associated with muscle soreness assessed 24 h after the race ( p = 0.028), but not 48 ( p = 0.990) or 72 h ( p = 0.416) after the race. The V ˙ O 2 m a x level was not associated with the muscle pain level at any moment after the marathon. Conclusions: Marathon runners who presented higher muscular strength for the knee extensor muscles presented lower muscle soreness 24 h after the race, but not after 48 h or 72 h after the race. Therefore, the muscle soreness level 3 days after a marathon race does not depend on muscle strength.