IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i15p8154-d606651.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Relationship of Hydroxychloroquine and Ophthalmic Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan

Author

Listed:
  • Hung-Chih Chen

    (Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

  • Hung-Yu Lin

    (Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
    Department of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Michael Chia-Yen Chou

    (Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

  • Yu-Hsun Wang

    (Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

  • Pui-Ying Leong

    (Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    PhD Program in Business, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan)

  • James Cheng-Chung Wei

    (Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
    Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) via the national health insurance research database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. All patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes ( n = 47,353) in the NHIRD (2000–2012) were enrolled in the study. The case group consists of participants with diabetic ophthalmic complications; 1:1 matching by age (±1 year old), sex, and diagnosis year of diabetes was used to provide an index date for the control group that corresponded to the case group ( n = 5550). Chi-square test for categorical variables and Student’s t-test for continuous variables were used. Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of DR. The total number of HCQ user was 99 patients (1.8%) in the case group and 93 patients (1.7%) in the control group. Patients with hypertension (aOR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.11–1.31) and hyperlipidemia (aOR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.52–1.79) significantly increased the risk of diabetic ophthalmic complications ( p < 0.001). Conversely, the use of HCQ and the presence of rheumatoid diseases did not show any significance in increased risk of DR. HCQ prescription can improve systemic glycemic profile, but it does not decrease the risk of diabetic ophthalmic complications.

Suggested Citation

  • Hung-Chih Chen & Hung-Yu Lin & Michael Chia-Yen Chou & Yu-Hsun Wang & Pui-Ying Leong & James Cheng-Chung Wei, 2021. "Relationship of Hydroxychloroquine and Ophthalmic Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-9, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:8154-:d:606651
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/15/8154/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/15/8154/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:15:p:8154-:d:606651. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.