IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i12p6621-d578268.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Predicting Breaststroke and Butterfly Stroke Results in Swimming Based on Olympics History

Author

Listed:
  • Maciej Hołub

    (Institute of Sport Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland)

  • Arkadiusz Stanula

    (Institute of Sport Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland)

  • Jakub Baron

    (Institute of Sport Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland)

  • Wojciech Głyk

    (Institute of Sport Sciences, Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland)

  • Thomas Rosemann

    (Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Beat Knechtle

    (Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
    Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, 9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland)

Abstract

Here we describe historic variations in Olympic breaststroke and butterfly performance and predict swimming results for the 2021 Olympic Games in Tokyo. The results of the finalists, winners, and last participants in the women’s and men’s finals were analyzed, and a mathematical predictive model was created. The predicted times for the future Olympics were presented. Swimming performance among Olympians has been steadily improving, with record times of 18.51 s for female finalists in the 100 m butterfly (a 24.63% improvement) and 31.33 s for male finalists in the 200 m butterfly (21.44%). The results in all analyzed groups showed improvement in athletic performance, and the gap between the finalists has narrowed. Women Olympians’ performances have improved faster than men’s, reducing the gap between genders. We conclude that swimming performance among Olympians is continuing to improve.

Suggested Citation

  • Maciej Hołub & Arkadiusz Stanula & Jakub Baron & Wojciech Głyk & Thomas Rosemann & Beat Knechtle, 2021. "Predicting Breaststroke and Butterfly Stroke Results in Swimming Based on Olympics History," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:12:p:6621-:d:578268
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/12/6621/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/12/6621/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Beat Knechtle & Athanasios A. Dalamitros & Tiago M. Barbosa & Caio Victor Sousa & Thomas Rosemann & Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis, 2020. "Sex Differences in Swimming Disciplines—Can Women Outperform Men in Swimming?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-17, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sabrina Demarie & Emanuele Chirico & Christel Galvani, 2022. "Prediction and Analysis of Tokyo Olympic Games Swimming Results: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Swimmers’ Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-17, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Joanna Witkoś & Grzegorz Błażejewski & Magdalena Hagner-Derengowska & Kamila Makulec, 2022. "The Impact of Competitive Swimming on Menstrual Cycle Disorders and Subsequent Sports Injuries as Related to the Female Athlete Triad and on Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-17, November.
    2. Henrique P. Neiva & Ricardo J. Fernandes & Ricardo Cardoso & Daniel A. Marinho & J. Arturo Abraldes, 2021. "Monitoring Master Swimmers’ Performance and Active Drag Evolution along a Training Mesocycle," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-10, March.
    3. Sabrina Demarie & Emanuele Chirico & Christel Galvani, 2022. "Prediction and Analysis of Tokyo Olympic Games Swimming Results: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Swimmers’ Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-17, February.
    4. Milivoj Dopsaj & Ilona Judita Zuoziene & Radoje Milić & Evgeni Cherepov & Vadim Erlikh & Nerijus Masiulis & Andrea di Nino & Janez Vodičar, 2020. "Body Composition in International Sprint Swimmers: Are There Any Relations with Performance?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-14, December.
    5. Beat Knechtle & Ram Barkai & Lee Hill & Pantelis T. Nikolaidis & Thomas Rosemann & Caio Victor Sousa, 2021. "Influence of Anthropometric Characteristics on Ice Swimming Performance—The IISA Ice Mile and Ice Km," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-10, June.
    6. Inmaculada Yustres & Jesús Santos del Cerro & Stelios Psycharakis & Fernando González-Mohíno & José María González-Ravé, 2021. "Swimming World Championships: Association between Success at the Junior and Senior Level for British Swimmers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-8, January.
    7. Aldo Seffrin & Beat Knechtle & Rodrigo Luiz Vancini & Douglas de Assis Teles Santos & Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira & Lee Hill & Thomas Rosemann & Marilia Santos Andrade, 2021. "Origin of the Fastest 5 km, 10 km and 25 km Open-Water Swimmers—An Analysis from 20 Years and 9819 Swimmers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-11, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:12:p:6621-:d:578268. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.