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Correlation between Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Abnormalities and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

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  • Aida Kalok

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Ming Yean Ong

    (Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Aqilah Hasrori

    (Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Ker Shing Chiang

    (Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Fatin Yazim

    (Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Salahuddin Baharuddin

    (Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Rahana Abdul Rahman

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Shamsul Azhar Shah

    (Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Nor Haslinda Abd Aziz

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Shuhaila Ahmad

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

  • Nor Azlin Mohamed Ismail

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with maternal and neonatal complications. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the abnormalities of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. This was a retrospective study of GDM patients over a five-year period in a Malaysian tertiary center. The diagnosis of GDM was based on the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline. The data on patients’ demographics, OGTT results, GDM treatment, and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed. A total of 1105 women were included in the final analysis. The percentage of women with isolated abnormal fasting glucose, isolated two-hour abnormality, and both abnormal values were 4.8%, 87.1%, and 8.1%, respectively. Women with both OGTT abnormalities had a higher risk of preeclampsia (odds ratio (OR) 4.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.45–15.41) and neonatal hypoglycemia (OR 8.78; 95% CI 1.93–39.88). Isolated postprandial abnormality was associated with an 80% lesser risk of neonatal hypoglycemia (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.04–0.87). Both isolated fasting and multiple OGTT abnormalities were associated with insulin therapy. Multiple OGTT abnormalities were a positive predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes, while isolated postprandial abnormality was associated with a lesser risk of neonatal complication. Further prospective study is essential to validate these findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Aida Kalok & Ming Yean Ong & Aqilah Hasrori & Ker Shing Chiang & Fatin Yazim & Salahuddin Baharuddin & Rahana Abdul Rahman & Shamsul Azhar Shah & Nor Haslinda Abd Aziz & Shuhaila Ahmad & Nor Azlin Moh, 2020. "Correlation between Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Abnormalities and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-10, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:19:p:6990-:d:418699
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Federica Visconti & Paola Quaresima & Eusebio Chiefari & Patrizia Caroleo & Biagio Arcidiacono & Luigi Puccio & Maria Mirabelli & Daniela P. Foti & Costantino Di Carlo & Raffaella Vero & Antonio Brune, 2019. "First Trimester Combined Test (FTCT) as a Predictor of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-10, September.
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