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Analysis of Benzene Exposure in Gas Station Workers Using Trans,Trans-Muconic Acid

Author

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  • Barbara Rodrigues Geraldino

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil
    Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-040, Brazil)

  • Rafaella Ferreira Nascimento Nunes

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil
    Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-040, Brazil)

  • Juliana Barroso Gomes

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil
    Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-040, Brazil)

  • Isabela Giardini

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil)

  • Paula Vieira Baptista da Silva

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil)

  • Élida Campos

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil)

  • Katia Soares da Poça

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil
    Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-040, Brazil)

  • Rocio Hassan

    (Oncovirology Laboratory, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center (CEMO), National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-130, Brazil
    In memoriam.)

  • Ubirani Barros Otero

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil)

  • Marcia Sarpa

    (Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, Prevention and Surveillance Coordination, National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva–INCA, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, Brazil
    Environmental Mutagenesis Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-040, Brazil)

Abstract

In Brazil, gas station workers are occupationally exposed to the benzene present in gasoline. Brazilian law indicates the use of trans,trans-muconic acid(t,t-MA) as a biomarker of benzene exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of exposure to benzene in gas station workers, through the quantification of t,t-MA present in urine. A total number of 269 gas station workers divided into 179 filling station attendants exposed by inhalation and dermal route and 90 convenience store workers exposed only by inhalation were included. A control group was formed by 100 office workers, without occupational exposure to benzene. The urinary levels of t,t-MA were evaluated by HPLC with a UV detector. Gas station workers showed higher mean values of t,t-MA (0.204 mg/g creatinine; 95% CI 0.170–0.237) than office workers (0.126 mg/g creatinine; 95% CI 0.0817–0.1693). T,t-MA levels were higher in convenience store workers exposed to gasoline only by inhalation (0.221 mg/g creatinine; 95% CI 0.160–0.282), than in those exposed to gasoline by inhalation and dermal route—filling station attendants (0.195 mg/g creatinine; 95% CI 0.155–0.235). Gas station workers with a higher level of t,t-MA had epistaxis. T,t-MA values were higher in the Downtown (0.15 mg/g creatinine) region’s workers than in the more affluent South Zone region’s workers (0.07 mg/g creatinine). Smoking habits influenced the urinary t,t-MA values, while the frequency of consumption of industrialized and frozen foods showed no influence.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbara Rodrigues Geraldino & Rafaella Ferreira Nascimento Nunes & Juliana Barroso Gomes & Isabela Giardini & Paula Vieira Baptista da Silva & Élida Campos & Katia Soares da Poça & Rocio Hassan & Ubir, 2020. "Analysis of Benzene Exposure in Gas Station Workers Using Trans,Trans-Muconic Acid," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:15:p:5295-:d:388362
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sunisa Chaiklieng & Pornnapa Suggaravetsiri & Herman Autrup, 2019. "Risk Assessment on Benzene Exposure among Gasoline Station Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-9, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Umakorn Tongsantia & Sunisa Chaiklieng & Pornnapa Suggaravetsiri & Sari Andajani & Herman Autrup, 2021. "Factors Affecting Adverse Health Effects of Gasoline Station Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-12, September.
    2. Isabela Giardini & Katia Soares da Poça & Paula Vieira Baptista da Silva & Valnice Jane Caetano Andrade Silva & Deborah Santos Cintra & Karen Friedrich & Barbara Rodrigues Geraldino & Ubirani Barros O, 2023. "Hematological Changes in Gas Station Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-13, May.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    benzene; gas station workers; t; t-MA;
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