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Pelvic Symmetry Is Influenced by Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex during Young Children’s Gait

Author

Listed:
  • Ewa Gieysztor

    (Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-355 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Anna Pecuch

    (Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-355 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Mateusz Kowal

    (Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-355 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Wojciech Borowicz

    (Department of Nervous System Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz

    (Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-355 Wroclaw, Poland)

Abstract

Gait is one of the examined functions in child development. It should be economical and symmetrical. One test increasingly used by physiotherapists and pediatricians is asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR). Physiologically, it is observed from in utero up to six postnatal months. This reaction is inhibited with the growing maturation of the central nervous system (CNS). In some children, when the natural process of development is incorrect, ATNR manifests later in life, when it is observed as an automatic response of muscle tension to head rotation. Analysis of pelvis symmetry in the gait of children with active ATNR is important for better understanding their specific movements. In the gait of children with persistent ATNR, some variations are observed. The aim of the study was to investigate the gait symmetry of preschool children and the influence of persistent ATNR. Fifty preschool children with a trace form of ATNR were examined. The distribution of the gait parameters was determined using a BTS G-SENSOR measurement instrument. ATNR negatively influences pelvic obliquity and pelvic rotation ( p < 0.01). Younger children have a statistically higher symmetry index of pelvis obliquity in the examined group ( p = 0.015). Boys obtain a higher result of symmetry in pelvic tilt than girls in the group ( p = 0.027). ATNR affects walking symmetry in preschool children, thus evaluation of the reflex activity and then proper therapy is required to support proper development.

Suggested Citation

  • Ewa Gieysztor & Anna Pecuch & Mateusz Kowal & Wojciech Borowicz & Małgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz, 2020. "Pelvic Symmetry Is Influenced by Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex during Young Children’s Gait," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:13:p:4759-:d:379387
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Magdalena Mo Ching Mok & Ming-Kai Chin & Agata Korcz & Biljana Popeska & Christopher R. Edginton & Fatma Sacli Uzunoz & Hrvoje Podnar & Dané Coetzee & Luminita Georgescu & Arunas Emeljanovas & Milan P, 2020. "Brain Breaks® Physical Activity Solutions in the Classroom and on Attitudes toward Physical Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial among Primary Students from Eight Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-11, March.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Agata Kalemba & Maria Lorent & Sally Goddard Blythe & Ewa Gieysztor, 2023. "The Correlation between Residual Primitive Reflexes and Clock Reading Difficulties in School-Aged Children—A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-9, January.
    2. Anna Pecuch & Ewa Gieysztor & Marlena Telenga & Ewelina Wolańska & Mateusz Kowal & Małgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz, 2020. "Primitive Reflex Activity in Relation to the Sensory Profile in Healthy Preschool Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-16, November.
    3. Ewa Gieysztor & Mateusz Kowal & Małgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz, 2022. "Primitive Reflex Factors Influence Walking Gait in Young Children: An Observational Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-12, March.

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