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Antibiotic Resistance in an Indian Rural Community: A ‘One-Health’ Observational Study on Commensal Coliform from Humans, Animals, and Water

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  • Manju Raj Purohit

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Global Health—Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Medicines Focusing Antibiotics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
    Department of Pathology, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain 456006, India)

  • Salesh Chandran

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Global Health—Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Medicines Focusing Antibiotics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
    Department of Microbiology, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain 456006, India)

  • Harshada Shah

    (Department of Microbiology, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain 456006, India)

  • Vishal Diwan

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Global Health—Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Medicines Focusing Antibiotics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
    International Centre for Health Research, Ujjain Charitable Trust Hospital and Research Centre, Ujjain 456006, India
    Department of Public Health and Environment, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain 456006, India)

  • Ashok J. Tamhankar

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Global Health—Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Medicines Focusing Antibiotics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
    Indian Initiative for Management of Antibiotic Resistance, Department of Environmental Medicine, R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain 456006, India)

  • Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Global Health—Health Systems and Policy (HSP): Medicines Focusing Antibiotics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden)

Abstract

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are an escalating grim menace to global public health. Our aim is to phenotype and genotype antibiotic-resistant commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) from humans, animals, and water from the same community with a ‘one-health’ approach. The samples were collected from a village belonging to demographic surveillance site of Ruxmaniben Deepchand (R.D.) Gardi Medical College Ujjain, Central India. Commensal coliforms from stool samples from children aged 1–3 years and their environment (animals, drinking water from children's households, common source- and waste-water) were studied for antibiotic susceptibility and plasmid-encoded resistance genes. E. coli isolates from human ( n = 127), animal ( n = 21), waste- ( n = 12), source- ( n = 10), and household drinking water ( n = 122) carried 70%, 29%, 41%, 30%, and 30% multi-drug resistance, respectively. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers were 57% in human and 23% in environmental isolates. Co-resistance was frequent in penicillin, cephalosporin, and quinolone. Antibiotic-resistance genes bla CTX-M-9 and qnrS were most frequent. Group D-type isolates with resistance genes were mainly from humans and wastewater. Colistin resistance, or the mcr-1 gene, was not detected. The frequency of resistance, co-resistance, and resistant genes are high and similar in coliforms from humans and their environment. This emphasizes the need to mitigate antibiotic resistance with a ‘one-health’ approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Manju Raj Purohit & Salesh Chandran & Harshada Shah & Vishal Diwan & Ashok J. Tamhankar & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, 2017. "Antibiotic Resistance in an Indian Rural Community: A ‘One-Health’ Observational Study on Commensal Coliform from Humans, Animals, and Water," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:4:p:386-:d:95154
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ashok J. Tamhankar & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, 2019. "Antimicrobials and Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment and Its Remediation: A Global One Health Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-7, November.
    2. Feng Guo & Yanan Wang & Jie Peng & Hetian Huang & Xiangting Tu & Hu Zhao & Nan Zhan & Zhu Rao & Gaofeng Zhao & Hongbo Yang, 2022. "Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of the Karst Plateau Wetland of Yangtze River Basin, Southwestern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-14, June.
    3. Vishal Diwan & Nada Hanna & Manju Purohit & Salesh Chandran & Emilia Riggi & Vivek Parashar & Ashok J. Tamhankar & Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, 2018. "Seasonal Variations in Water-Quality, Antibiotic Residues, Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic Resistance Genes of Escherichia coli Isolates from Water and Sediments of the Kshipra River in Central Indi," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, June.

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