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Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment in Occupational Settings Applied to the Airborne Human Adenovirus Infection

Author

Listed:
  • Annalaura Carducci

    (Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Virology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 35/39, Pisa 56127, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Gabriele Donzelli

    (Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Virology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 35/39, Pisa 56127, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Lorenzo Cioni

    (Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, Pisa 56126, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Marco Verani

    (Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Virology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 35/39, Pisa 56127, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) methodology, which has already been applied to drinking water and food safety, may also be applied to risk assessment and management at the workplace. The present study developed a preliminary QMRA model to assess microbial risk that is associated with inhaling bioaerosols that are contaminated with human adenovirus (HAdV). This model has been applied to air contamination data from different occupational settings, including wastewater systems, solid waste landfills, and toilets in healthcare settings and offices, with different exposure times. Virological monitoring showed the presence of HAdVs in all the evaluated settings, thus confirming that HAdV is widespread, but with different average concentrations of the virus. The QMRA results, based on these concentrations, showed that toilets had the highest probability of viral infection, followed by wastewater treatment plants and municipal solid waste landfills. Our QMRA approach in occupational settings is novel, and certain caveats should be considered. Nonetheless, we believe it is worthy of further discussions and investigations.

Suggested Citation

  • Annalaura Carducci & Gabriele Donzelli & Lorenzo Cioni & Marco Verani, 2016. "Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment in Occupational Settings Applied to the Airborne Human Adenovirus Infection," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-10, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:7:p:733-:d:74351
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gerba, C.P. & Goyal, S.M. & LaBelle, R.L. & Bodgan, G.F., 1979. "Failure of indicator bacteria to reflect the occurrence of enteroviruses in marine waters," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 69(11), pages 1116-1119.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrew Watterson, 2016. "Occupational Safety and Related Impacts on Health and the Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-4, October.
    2. Annalaura Carducci & Gabriele Donzelli & Lorenzo Cioni & Ileana Federigi & Roberto Lombardi & Marco Verani, 2018. "Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment for Workers Exposed to Bioaerosol in Wastewater Treatment Plants Aimed at the Choice and Setup of Safety Measures," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-12, July.
    3. Jamil Ahmed & Li Ping Wong & Yan Piaw Chua & Najeebullah Channa & Rasool Bux Mahar & Aneela Yasmin & James A. VanDerslice & Joshua V. Garn, 2020. "Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Quality to Predict the Risk of Waterborne Diseases in Primary-School Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-16, April.

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