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Impact of National Smoke-Free Legislation on Educational Disparities in Smoke-Free Homes: Findings from the SIDRIAT Longitudinal Study

Author

Listed:
  • Giuseppe Gorini

    (Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Unit-Cancer Research & Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence 50141, Italy)

  • Giulia Carreras

    (Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Unit-Cancer Research & Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence 50141, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Barbara Cortini

    (Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Unit-Cancer Research & Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence 50141, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Simona Verdi

    (Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Unit-Cancer Research & Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence 50141, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Maria Grazia Petronio

    (Prevention Department, Empoli Local Health Authority, Empoli 50053, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Piersante Sestini

    (Section of Phthisiology and Diseases of Respiratory Tract, Siena University, Siena 53100, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Elisabetta Chellini

    (Occupational & Environmental Epidemiology Unit-Cancer Research & Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence 50141, Italy)

Abstract

Families with lower socioeconomic status are less likely to adopt household smoking bans (HSB). The aim of this study was to determine whether socioeconomic disparities in HSB prevalence in Italy decreased 7–9 years after the introduction of the Italian ban on smoking in public places. A longitudinal, 12-year, two-wave study was conducted on a sample of 3091 youths aged 6–14 years in 2002; 1763 (57%) were re-interviewed in 2012–2014. A Poisson regression with a robust error variance was used to assess the association between socioeconomic disparities and HSB prevalence. The adoption of HSBs significantly increased from 60% in 2002 to 75% in 2012–2014, with the increase recorded in youths with ≥1 smoking parent only (from 22% at baseline to 46% at follow-up). The presence of HSBs at baseline was more likely in families with ≥1 graduate parent compared to those with no graduate parents (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15–1.57), either in families with ≥1 smoking parent (PR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.17–1.58) or in families with non-smoking parents (PR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.01–2.56). Conversely, at follow-up socioeconomic disparities dropped since families with no graduate parents were 1.5-fold more likely to introduce a HSB between the two waves. The Italian ban on smoking in public places may have increased the adoption of smoke-free homes in families with smoking and non-graduate parents, causing the drop of the socioeconomic gap in smoke-free homes.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuseppe Gorini & Giulia Carreras & Barbara Cortini & Simona Verdi & Maria Grazia Petronio & Piersante Sestini & Elisabetta Chellini, 2015. "Impact of National Smoke-Free Legislation on Educational Disparities in Smoke-Free Homes: Findings from the SIDRIAT Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:8:p:8705-8716:d:53159
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhuang, Y.-L. & Gamst, A.C. & Cummins, S.E. & Wolfson, T. & Zhu, S.-H., 2015. "Comparison of smoking cessation between education groups: Findings from 2 US national surveys over 2 decades," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(2), pages 373-379.
    2. Brian A. King & Andrew J. Hyland & Ron Borland & Ann McNeill & K. Michael Cummings, 2011. "Socioeconomic Variation in the Prevalence, Introduction, Retention, and Removal of Smoke-Free Policies among Smokers: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-24, January.
    3. Valentina Minardi & Giuseppe Gorini & Giulia Carreras & Maria Masocco & Gianluigi Ferrante & Valentina Possenti & Elisa Quarchioni & Lorenzo Spizzichino & Daniela Galeone & Stefania Vasselli & Stefani, 2014. "Compliance with the smoking ban in Italy 8 years after its application," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 59(3), pages 549-554, June.
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