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Three-Water Differential Parallel Conductivity Saturation Model of Low-Permeability Tight Oil and Gas Reservoirs

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  • Xiangyang Hu

    (Zhanjiang Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Zhanjiang 524057, China)

  • Renjie Cheng

    (Zhanjiang Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Zhanjiang 524057, China)

  • Hengrong Zhang

    (Zhanjiang Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Zhanjiang 524057, China)

  • Jitian Zhu

    (Zhanjiang Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Zhanjiang 524057, China)

  • Peng Chi

    (School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)

  • Jianmeng Sun

    (School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)

Abstract

Addressing the poor performance of existing logging saturation models in low-permeability tight sandstone reservoirs and the challenges in determining model parameters, this study investigates the pore structure and fluid occurrence state of such reservoirs through petrophysical experiments and digital rock visualization simulations. The aim is to uncover new insights into fluid occurrence state and electrical conduction properties and subsequently develop a low-permeability tight sandstone reservoir saturation model with easily determinable parameters. This model is suitable for practical oilfield exploration and development applications with high evaluation accuracy. The research findings reveal that such reservoirs comprise three types of formation water: strongly bound water, weakly bound water, and free water. These types are found in non-connected micropores, poorly connected mesopores where fluid flow occurs when the pressure differential exceeds the critical value, and well-connected macropores. Furthermore, the three types of formation water demonstrate variations in their electrical conduction contributions. By inversely solving rock electrical experiment data, it was determined that for a single sample, the overall cementation index is the highest, followed by the cementation index of pore throats containing strongly bound water, and the lowest for the pore throats with free water. Building on the aforementioned insights, this study develops a parallel electrical pore cementation index term, ϕ m ′ , to account for the differences among the three types of water and introduces a parallel electrical saturation model suitable for logging evaluation of low-permeability tight oil and gas reservoirs. This model demonstrated positive application effects in the logging evaluation of low-permeability tight gas reservoirs in a specific basin in the Chinese offshore area, thereby confirming the advantages of its application.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiangyang Hu & Renjie Cheng & Hengrong Zhang & Jitian Zhu & Peng Chi & Jianmeng Sun, 2024. "Three-Water Differential Parallel Conductivity Saturation Model of Low-Permeability Tight Oil and Gas Reservoirs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:7:p:1726-:d:1369823
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Ke-Wen & Sun, Jian-Meng & Guan, Ji-Teng & Zhu, Da-Wei, 2007. "A percolation study of electrical properties of reservoir rocks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 380(C), pages 19-26.
    2. Xuejuan Zhang & Dandan Wang & Lei Zhang & Yabing Xing & Yi Zhang & Weiming Wang & Yinglin Liu & Hongping Mao, 2023. "Research on Microscopic Pore Structure Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Shale Reservoirs: A Case Study of the Second Member of the Permian Lucaogou Formation in Malang Sag, Santanghu Basin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-16, March.
    3. Jianmeng Sun & Ping Feng & Peng Chi & Weichao Yan, 2022. "Microscopic Conductivity Mechanism and Saturation Evaluation of Tight Sandstone Reservoirs: A Case Study from Bonan Oilfield, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-27, February.
    4. Xiaojun Zha & Fuqiang Lai & Xuanbo Gao & Yang Gao & Nan Jiang & Long Luo & Yingyan Li & Jia Wang & Shouchang Peng & Xun Luo & Xianfeng Tan, 2021. "Characteristics and Genetic Mechanism of Pore Throat Structure of Shale Oil Reservoir in Saline Lake—A Case Study of Shale Oil of the Lucaogou Formation in Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-25, December.
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